Motor learning in children with spina bifida: Intact learning and performance on a ballistic task
Motor learning in children with spina bifida: Intact learning and performance on a ballistic task
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DOI：
10.1017/s1355617706060772
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Fletcher, Jack M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dennis, Maureen;Jewell, Derryn;Fletcher, Jack M.
研究了脊柱裂脑膜脊膜膨出(SBM)患儿、有上段脊柱病变(n=21例)或下段脊柱病变(n=81例)的儿童和35例典型发育正常儿童在弹道任务中的学习和表现。参与者完成了肘部测角仪任务的三个阶段(每个阶段20次试验)，该任务需要弹道臂移动以将光标移动到屏幕上的两个目标位置之一，包括(1)初始学习阶段，(2)具有增益变化的适应阶段，从而需要重新校准弹道臂移动，以及(3)在原始增益条件下的学习重新激活阶段。SBM组和对照组之间的初始错误率、渐近错误率和学习率没有显著差异。与对照组相比，SBM组小脑半球和足周灰质(包括基底节)的体积减小，尽管只有足周灰质与运动适应显著相关。在SBM儿童中，先天性小脑畸形与在自愿、非反射任务中保留的运动技能学习有关，在SBM儿童中，小脑和基底节的相对作用可能与成人大脑中的不同。
Learning and performance on a ballistic task were investigated in children with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM), with either upper level spinal lesions (n = 21) or lower level spinal lesions (n = 81), and in typically developing controls (n = 35). Participants completed three phases (20 trials each) of an elbow goniometer task that required a ballistic arm movement to move a cursor to one of two target positions on a screen, including (1) an initial learning phase, (2) an adaptation phase with a gain change such that recalibration of the ballistic arm movement was required, and (3) a learning reactivation phase under the original gain condition. Initial error rate, asymptotic error rate, and learning rate did not differ significantly between the SBM and control groups. Relative to controls, the SBM group had reduced volumes in the cerebellar hemispheres and pericallosal gray matter (the region including the basal ganglia), although only the pericallosal gray matter was significantly correlated with motor adaptation. Congenital cerebellar dysmorphology is associated with preserved motor skill learning on voluntary, nonreflexive tasks in children with SBM, in whom the relative roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia may differ from those in the adult brain.