Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Environment, Health, and Safety
Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Environment, Health, and Safety
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-59600-5
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发表时间：
2019
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Kumar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Kumar
二维材料(2D材料)是一类相对较新的工程纳米材料(ENM)，由它们的性质定义为一个或两个原子厚度，原子排列在二维平面上。自2010年以来，这些材料缓慢但持续地从实验室发现发展到现实生活中的产品，现在已经进入全球市场。虽然这种从学术界到工业的转移相对较快，但对其安全性仍然存在一些担忧，这些安全性还没有像它们的性质和应用那样得到广泛研究[1]。基于细胞培养的检测是目前评估ENM对人类造成伤害的潜力的最可获得和最可持续的方法。它们是作为昂贵和耗时的动物化验的替代品而开发的，几十年来，动物化验一直被用于新化学品的安全测试，并允许测试所有现有的ENM。虽然其中一些分析已被证明在预测2D材料有害影响方面高度可靠(在动物模型中确认类似结果后)，但一些分析被发现不适用于这些平板材料的危害测试，因为材料与试剂的干扰，导致误导性结果(图1.1)。
Two-dimensional materials (2D materials) are a relatively new class of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) defined by their property of being one or two atoms thick, with atoms arranged in a two-dimensional plane. Since 2010, these materials have slowly but consistently progressed from lab bench discoveries to real-life products and have now reached the global market. While this transfer from academia to industry has been relatively fast, there remain some concerns as to their safety profiles, which have not been studied as extensively as their properties and applications [1]. Cell culture-based assays are currently the most accessible and sustainable methods to evaluate the potential of ENMs to cause harm to humans. They have been developed as alternatives to the costly and time-consuming animal-based assays that have been used for decades for safety testing of new chemicals and to allow testing all existing ENMs. While some of these assays have proven to be highly reliable to predict 2D material deleterious impacts (after confirmation of similar outcomes in animal models), some assays were revealed to be not applicable for hazard testing of these flat materials due to interference of the materials with reagents, causing misleading results (Fig. 1.1).