Rhinovirus in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Course of Asthma
Rhinovirus in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Course of Asthma
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DOI：
10.1378/chest.15-1335
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Proud, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jamieson, Kyla C.;Warner, Stephanie M.;Proud, David
在健康个体中，人鼻病毒（HRV）感染是普通感冒的主要原因。除了偶尔的中耳炎或鼻窦炎外，这些通常是不复杂的感染。然而，在哮喘患者中，HRV感染可能对疾病的发展和进展产生重大影响。生命早期HRV诱导的喘息性疾病是随后发生哮喘的重要危险因素，越来越多的证据支持复发性HRV感染在哮喘气道重塑的几个方面的发展和进展中的作用。此外，HRV感染是哮喘急性加重的最常见诱因之一，这是世界各地卫生保健系统的主要负担。目前处方的哮喘药物均不能有效预防或逆转哮喘发展和气道重塑，也不能理想地治疗HRV诱导的哮喘急性发作。因此，如果我们要开发更有效的治疗方法，更好地了解HRV在哮喘中的作用是很重要的。在过去的十年中，我们对HRV感染在气道重塑的发展和进展中的作用有了新的认识，对HRV感染的促炎和宿主防御反应也有了新的认识，这可能有助于调节哮喘急性发作的易感性。本文综述了目前对HRV感染在哮喘发病机制中的作用的认识，并确定了限制HRV感染对哮喘影响的新治疗策略的可能途径。
In healthy individuals, human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are the major cause of the common cold. These are generally uncomplicated infections except for occasional cases of otitis media or sinusitis. In individuals with asthma, however, HRV infections can have a major impact on disease development and progression. HRV-induced wheezing illnesses in early life are a significant risk factor for subsequent development of asthma, and growing evidence supports a role of recurrent HRV infections in the development and progression of several aspects of airway remodeling in asthma. In addition, HRV infections are one of the most common triggers for acute exacerbations of asthma, which represent a major burden to health-care systems around the world. None of the currently prescribed medications for asthma are effective in preventing or reversing asthma development and airway remodeling or are ideal for treating HRV-induced exacerbations of asthma. Thus, a better understanding of the role of HRV in asthma is important if we are to develop more effective therapies. In the past decade, we have gained new insights into the role of HRV infections in the development and progression of airway remodeling as well as a new appreciation for the proinflammatory and host defense responses to HRV infections that may help to regulate susceptibility to asthma exacerbations. This article reviews the current understanding of the role HRV infections play in the pathogenesis of asthma and identifies possible avenues to new therapeutic strategies for limiting the effects of HRV infections in asthma.