Overclaiming. An international investigation using PISA data
Overclaiming. An international investigation using PISA data
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DOI：
10.1080/0969594x.2023.2238248
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发表时间：
2023-11-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shure，Nikki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jerrim，John;Parker，Philip D.;Shure，Nikki
本文研究了过度声称的现象——个人声称对某个问题或主题拥有比他们实际（或可能）更多的知识的倾向。我们使用来自九个英语国家和超过 40,000 名年轻人的国际学生评估计划 (PISA) 数据，研究了青少年声称掌握三种并不实际存在的数学概念的倾向。我们发现，不同国家、不同性别和不同社会经济群体的年轻人夸大其词的倾向存在显着差异。那些最有可能夸大其词的人也被发现表现出高度的过度自信，并相信自己工作努力，坚持完成任务，并且在同龄人中很受欢迎。总之，这为过度宣称、不同群体之间的差异以及它与其他心理结构的关系提供了重要的新见解。
This paper investigates the phenomena of overclaiming – the propensity for individuals to claim more knowledge about an issue or topic than they really (or could possibly) do. Using Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data from nine Anglophone countries and over 40,000 young people, we examine teenagers’ propensity to claim knowledge of three mathematics constructs that do not really exist. We find substantial differences in young people’s tendency to overclaim across countries, genders, and socio-economic groups. Those who are most likely to overclaim are also found to exhibit high levels of overconfidence and believe they work hard, persevere at tasks, and are popular amongst their peers. Together this provides important new insight into overclaiming, how this differs across groups, and how it relates to other psychological constructs.