Reducing the risk of open display: optimising the preventive conservation of historic silks
Reducing the risk of open display: optimising the preventive conservation of historic silks
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降低开放展示的风险：优化历史丝绸的预防性保护
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Luxford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Luxford
英国遗产馆中有大量的纺织品公开展出，但这些都是短暂的物品。据报道，在历史悠久的房屋中发现的天然纤维中，丝绸是最容易受到破坏的，尤其是光。对丝绸变质的关键变质因素进行了重新评估，强调了湿度的重要作用，这一点以前被忽视了。许多挂毯背后的监测记录了高湿小气候的形成。这可能是从挂毯背面提取的颜色鲜艳的样品和同一条线在展示的一面褪色的类似情况的原因。动力学实验研究了丝绸的变质速率，并表明活化能约为50 kJ mol-1，尽管这可能对其他类型的丝绸有所不同，例如加重材料。然而，元素分析表明，从英国遗产收藏的1000多件含丝物品中提取的100个样本中，约有10%来自锡重丝绸，普通丝绸是研究的重点。长达一年的加速老化实验表明，尽管在光老化过程中加入紫外线辐射会增加丝绸的变质速度，但光老化对丝绸的影响很小。不同湿度水平的热老化表明，相对湿度（RH）的增加显著提高了蚕丝的变质率。当样品被用于在老化过程中创造RH环境的饱和盐溶液污染时，观察到蚕丝的进一步降解。在老化过程中，增加的相对湿度和温度导致丝绸样品变黄。实验结果被用来提出预防性保护建议，包括将相对湿度降低到50%以下，降低温度和继续排除紫外线辐射。对未称重的蚕丝，我们绘制了一条理论的变质曲线，并据此绘制了初始的同胚轴。用多变量分析（MVA）将分析结果与近红外光谱（NIR）进行了比较。这建立了一个利用近红外光谱预测蚕丝抗拉强度的模型。这种非侵入性、非破坏性的技术在现场监测蚕丝状况的潜力已经在布罗兹沃思大厅进行了测试，并成功地对样品的状况进行了排名。
English Heritage properties contain a wealth of textiles on open display, however these are ephemeral objects. Amongst the natural fibres found in historic houses, silk is reported to be the most vulnerable to damage, especially from light. The critical deterioration factors for silk deterioration have been reassessed highlighting the important role of humidity, which has previously been overlooked. Monitoring behind a number of tapestries has recorded the formation of high humidity microclimates. This is a possible reason for the similar condition of brightly coloured samples taken from the reverse of a tapestry and the same thread which had faded on the displayed side. Kinetics experiments studied the rate of silk deterioration and suggest the activation energy is approximately 50 kJ mol-1, although this may vary for other types of silk, such as weighted materials. However as elemental analysis demonstrated around 10% of the 100 samples, taken from over 1000 objects containing silk in the English Heritage collection, were from tin-weighted silks, plain silks were the study’s focus. Year long accelerated ageing experiments have demonstrated that although the inclusion of UV radiation during light ageing increased the rate of deterioration, light ageing caused small changes to silk. Thermal ageing with different humidity levels demonstrated increasing the relative humidity (RH), increased the rate of silk deterioration significantly. Further degradation of silk was observed when samples had been contaminated by the saturated salt solution used to create the RH environment during ageing. During ageing increased RH and increased temperatures led to greater yellowing of silk samples. Experimental results have been used to make preventive conservation recommendations including lowering the RH below 50%, reducing the temperature and the continued exclusion of UV radiation. A theoretical silk deterioration curve for unweighted silk has been drawn, from which initial isoperms have been plotted. The analytical results have been compared with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy using multivariate analysis (MVA). This developed a predictive model for the tensile strength of silk using the NIR spectra. The potential of this non-invasive, non-destructive technique to monitor silk condition in situ has been tested at Brodsworth Hall and shown to rank the condition of samples successfully.