Global impacts of recent IMO regulations on marine fuel oil refining processes and ship emissions
Global impacts of recent IMO regulations on marine fuel oil refining processes and ship emissions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2019.04.001
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Brown, Richard J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thuy Chu Van;Ramirez, Jerome;Brown, Richard J.
本研究概述了国际海事组织（IMO）最近对船用燃料油精炼行业，未来船用燃料混合物和船舶排放的法规的背景和全球影响。IMO将硫排放控制区（SECA）和氮氧化物排放控制区（NECA）的船用燃料硫含量限制为0.1%（重量）。%），到2020年全球降至0.5%。预计新实施的海事组织条例将有助于减轻船舶排放对公众健康和环境的负面影响。IMO法规要求对炼油厂进行重大改革，通过转向馏分油、使用新型深度脱硫技术或燃料混合来增加低硫燃料的生产。炼油工艺的改变会增加温室气体排放和高额资本投资。替代燃料需要满足减少沿海地区空气污染物和温室气体排放的要求。由液化天然气（LNG）和生物燃料组成的替代船用燃料可能是满足这两个目标的合适燃料。预计到2050年，这两种燃料将占航运能源需求的50%，而其余部分仍将由传统重质燃料油（HFO）/船用瓦斯油（MGO）供应。由于新的海事组织条例，转向低硫燃料导致船舶排放量普遍减少。这种燃料转换也导致了发动机排放特性的变化，特别是颗粒物化学成分的变化。
This study presents an overview of the context and global impacts of recent International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations on the marine fuel oil refining industry, future marine fuel mix and ship emissions. IMO limited marine fuel sulphur content in both Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECAs) and Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas (NECAs) to 0.1% (wt. %) by 2015, and to 0.5% globally by 2020. It is anticipated that the newly implemented IMO regulations will help to mitigate negative impact of ship emissions on public health and environment. IMO regulations require significant changes to refineries to increase the production of low sulphur fuels through a shift to distillates, use of novel deep desulphurization techniques, or fuel blending. Changes to the refinery processes can bring forth increases in greenhouse gas emissions and high capital investments. Alternative fuels will need to meet the required reduction of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in coastal areas. Alternative marine fuels consisting of liquefied nature gas (LNG) and biofuel may be suitable fuels to meet both targets. These two fuels are predicted to account for 50% of shipping energy demand by 2050, while the remainder will still be supplied by conventional heavy fuel oil (HFO)/marine gas oil (MGO). Switching to low sulphur fuels as a results of the new IMO regulations has led to measureable reductions in ship emissions generally. This fuel switching also resulted in changes in engine emission characteristics, especially on particulate matter chemical composition.