Who are business owners and what are they doing?
Who are business owners and what are they doing?
复制标题
谁是企业主，他们在做什么？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jonathan Cribb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Pope;H. Miller;Jonathan Cribb
至少自2000年以来，企业主一直是英国劳动力中增长最快的部分。在2000年至2015年16期间，雇员人数增长了15%，而自营职业(包括作为独家贸易商或合伙企业合伙人经营的公司)增长了25%，最多有两名董事的公司的董事人数增加了一倍以上。2007年至2015年期间，英国新创建的企业数量比其他任何经合组织国家都高。这是一个重要的劳动力市场趋势，经常被誉为成功，因为小企业和初创企业通常被视为增长引擎。鉴于有证据表明英国有一长条低生产率公司的尾巴，这一点是值得怀疑的。然而，到目前为止，我们对企业主的了解一直有限，因为传统的调查数据来源没有很好地捕捉到他们。更多地了解这一群体对于更好地了解劳动力市场趋势和为涉及企业主的公共政策提供信息至关重要。在这份报告中，我们使用英国税务和海关总署(HMRC)提供的企业主-欧元™行政税务记录来了解更多关于企业主及其企业的信息，这是以前使用调查数据所不可能的。具体地说，这份报告使用这些数据记录了英国企业所有者-经理的数量、特征、收入和商业活动。随着时间的推移，我们追踪相同的企业主(欧元以前是不可能的)，并用它来分析企业启动和关闭的模式，并解释自2008年以来单一交易者收入大幅下降的原因。
Business owners have been the fastest-growing part of the UK labour force since at least 2000. Between 2000–01 and 2015–16, the number of employees grew by 15%, while selfemployment (including those operating as a sole trader or as a partner in a partnership) grew by 25% and the number of directors of companies with at most two directors more than doubled. The number of new businesses created in the UK between 2007–08 and 2015–16 was higher than in any other OECD country. This is an important labour market trend and is often hailed as a success because small businesses and start-ups are commonly viewed as the engines of growth. This is questionable in light of evidence that the UK has a long tail of low-productivity firms. However, to date, our understanding of business owners has been limited because they are not well captured in traditional survey data sources. Learning more about this group is crucial for understanding labour market trends better and informing public policy as it relates to business owners. In this report, we use the universe of business owners’ administrative tax records provided by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to learn more about business owners and their businesses than has previously been possible using survey data. Specifically, using these data, this report documents the numbers, characteristics, incomes and business activities of business owner-managers in the UK. We track the same business owners over time – something that has not been possible before – and use this to analyse patterns of business start-up and closure and to explain substantial falls in sole trader incomes since 2008