Interactive effects of larval host and competition on adult fitness: an experimental test with seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Interactive effects of larval host and competition on adult fitness: an experimental test with seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
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幼虫宿主和竞争对成虫健康的相互作用影响：种子甲虫的实验测试（鞘翅目：Bruchidae）
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发表时间：
2005
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. M. Vamosi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. M. Vamosi
摘要
1在发育过程中遇到的资源和竞争强度可能会对成年人的健康产生重大影响，但很少同时考虑它们的影响。此外，人们通常认为这些因素只是通过对身体质量的影响间接影响成年人的健康。在这里，我研究了幼虫寄主类型和竞争强度对两种豆象的羽化质量和繁殖力的直接影响。
2在红小豆或绿豆上饲养的中华绒毛虫雌成虫羽化时的质量没有受到竞争处理的影响。在控制体重的情况下，竞争处理对用绿豆饲养的中国对虾雌虫的产卵量有显著影响，在没有竞争的情况下饲养的中华绒毛虫产卵量显著少于没有竞争的雌虫。在绿豆上饲养的斑纹夜蛾雌虫羽化时，竞争对成虫数量有极显著的影响。在竞争对小豆出苗时的平均质量没有显著影响的情况下，在两个竞争对手的饲养下饲养的雌性小豆比在一个竞争对手或没有竞争对手的饲养下的雌性产生的产卵量要少得多。
3对于特定的Bruchid种类和资源类型组合，如果雌性在幼虫期受到竞争，则在羽化时对给定质量的雌性产卵较少。这些结果揭示了具有相似生活史的密切相关物种在发育过程中对资源和竞争的反应的细微差异，对目前关于竞争对适应度的直接影响的概括提出了质疑。
Summary
1Resources and intensity of competition encountered during development can have significant consequences for adult fitness, yet their effects are rarely considered simultaneously. Furthermore, it is often assumed that these factors affect adult fitness only indirectly through their effects on body mass. Here, I examined the direct effects of larval host type and intensity of competition on mass at emergence and fecundity in two species of bruchid beetles (Callosobruchus spp.).
2There was no effect of competition treatments on mass at emergence of C. chinensis females reared in Adzuki or Mung Beans. Controlling for body mass, there was a significant effect of competition treatment on number of eggs laid by C. chinensis females that had been reared on Mung Beans, with those reared with a competitor laying significantly fewer eggs than females that had been reared in the absence of competition. Competition had a highly significant effect on mass at emergence of C. maculatus females reared in Mung Beans. In the absence of a significant effect of competition on mean mass at emergence in Adzuki Beans, females reared with two competitors laid significantly fewer eggs than did females reared with either one or no competitors.
3For certain combinations of bruchid species and resource type, thus, females laid fewer eggs for a given mass at emergence if they had been subject to competition during their larval phase. These results reveal subtle differences in the responses of closely related species with similar life histories to resources and competition during development, calling into question current generalizations about the direct effects of competition on fitness.