Household fuelwood demand and supply in Nepal's tarai and mid-hills: Choice between cash outlays and labor opportunity
Household fuelwood demand and supply in Nepal's tarai and mid-hills: Choice between cash outlays and labor opportunity
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DOI：
10.1016/0305-750x(96)00073-3
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发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Kanel, KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amacher, GS;Hyde, WF;Kanel, KR
维持生计的家庭是砍伐森林的主要来源，他们对薪材的消费在许多发展中国家尤其重要。然而，对薪材消费的实证经济检查很少，特别是在发生森林砍伐的农村地区，我们认为，森林政策的设计往往没有很好地了解维持生计的家庭对新政策的潜在反应。本文用来自尼泊尔两个主要人口稠密地区的家庭证据来解决这些问题。市场价格、劳动力机会、替代品的可得性和获得基本资源的措施是薪材消费和生产的最可靠的预测变量。但是，就这些预测变量而言，收集木柴或购买木柴的家庭的弹性存在区域差异和重要区别。收集和购买家庭之间的差异是显著的。报告建议制定林业政策，在收集家庭占主导地位的地区，以劳动力机会和物质资源为目标；在购买家庭占重要地位的地区，制定影响薪材市场本身的政策。第二个有趣的发现是，在中部山区，薪材相对较少（价格较高），该地区的采集户和采集户都开始利用自己的土地生产薪材，以应对森林砍伐。版权所有爱思唯尔科学有限公司
Subsistence households are a leading source of deforestation and their consumption of fuelwood, in particular, is important in many developing countries. Yet the empirical economic examinations of fuelwood consumption are sparse, particularly for rural areas where the deforestation occurs, and we would argue that forest policy is often designed without a good understanding of the potential responses of subsistence households to the new policy. This paper addresses these issues with household evidence from the two major populated regions of Nepal. Market prices, labor opportunities, the availability of substitutes, and measure of access to the basic resource are the most reliable predictive variables for fuelwood consumption and production. There are, however, regional differences and important distinctions between the elasticities of fuelwood collecting or purchasing households with respect to these predictive variables. The difference between collecting and purchasing households is notable. It recommends forestry policies that target the labor opportunity and the physical resource in regions where collecting households dominate, and policies that affect the fuelwood market itself in regions where purchasing households are important. A second interesting finding is that fuelwood is relatively scarcer (prices are higher) in the mid-hills, and both collecting and purchasing households in this region are beginning to respond to deforestation by using their own land for fuelwood production. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd