Detection of human-associated bacteria in water from Akiyoshi-do Cave, Japan
Detection of human-associated bacteria in water from Akiyoshi-do Cave, Japan
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DOI：
10.1002/wer.1355
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发表时间：
2020-05-26
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Murakami, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ando, Kanato;Murakami, Takashi
秋吉洞是日本最古老、最大的洞穴之一。提出了旅游影响引起的环境变化；然而，之前只有少数研究调查了旅游业对洞穴的影响。在本研究中，采用富集培养方法检测洞穴水中的人类相关细菌（HAB），包括大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和耐热芽孢杆菌。收集水体的物理和细菌参数，包括总氮、氨、磷酸盐、细菌总数和活菌总数作为环境因子。所有地点均未发现大肠杆菌，但在高影响地点，总细菌、活菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和耐热芽孢杆菌的水平均有所增加。研究表明，洞穴游客可能是有害藻华污染的一个来源，但与地表土地利用有关的其他原因也可能是有害藻华污染的原因。为考虑对旅游的影响，首次在日本石窟进行了有害藻华检测。旅游区的赤潮菌数量明显高于非旅游区。有人认为，有害藻华的来源可能不仅限于游客，也可能包括地表。
Akiyoshi-do Cave is one of the oldest and the largest show caves in Japan. Environmental alterations induced by tourism impacts have been suggested; however, only a few previous studies have investigated the impacts of tourism on the cave. In this study, enrichment culture procedures were applied to detect human-associated bacteria (HAB) including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and thermo-tolerant Bacillus spp. in cave water. Physical and bacterial parameters of water including total nitrogen, ammonia, phosphate, total number of bacteria, and total number of viable bacteria were collected as environmental factors. Escherichia coli was absent at all sites, but increased levels of total bacteria, viable bacteria, S. aureus, and thermo-tolerant Bacillus spp. were present at high-impact sites. Examination of the origin tracking of HAB suggested that cave tourists could be a source of HAB contamination, but other causes related to the surface land use could also contribute to HAB contamination.Practitioner pointsDetection of HAB was performed for the first time in Japanese show caves to consider tourism impacts.The greater number of HAB was detected from the tourist area than the nontourist area in the cave.It was suggested that the origin of HAB may not be limited to tourists, but may also include the surface.