Aging in context: Age-related changes in context use during language comprehension
Aging in context: Age-related changes in context use during language comprehension
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00274.x
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kutas, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Federmeier, KD;Kutas, M
通过测量年轻人和老年人对一致句子结尾词的事件相关电位（ERP）反应作为上下文约束的函数，研究了正常衰老对语言理解过程中句子上下文信息使用的影响。一半的句子上下文具有很强的约束性，使得目标词非常可预测……而另一半则具有弱约束性。与弱约束环境相比，两个年龄组对目标词的 N400 反应都较小，但对于老年人来说，这种影响要小得多，而且要晚一些。阅读时间较短的老年人表现出更大的延迟。与年龄相关的变化主要是由于老年人利用强约束上下文中提供的更丰富信息来指导语义处理的能力下降，因为两个年龄组中弱上下文中的文字处理（N400）在质量和数量上都相似。
Effects of normal aging on the use of sentence context information during language comprehension were examined by measuring younger and older adults' event-related potential (ERP) responses to congruent sentence-final words as a function of contextual constraint. Half of the sentence contexts were strongly constraining, rendering the target word very predictable.. whereas the other half were weakly constraining. Both age groups elicited smaller N400 responses to target words in strongly than in weakly constrained contexts, but this effect was significantly smaller and later for older adults. Older adults with lower reading spans showed greater delays. Age-related changes were driven primarily by decreases in older adults' ability to make use of the richer information available from strongly constraining contexts to guide semantic processing, as word processing (N400s) in weak contexts was qualitatively and quantitatively similar in the two age groups.