Opportunities for crowdsourcing in urban flood monitoring
Opportunities for crowdsourcing in urban flood monitoring
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105124
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发表时间：
2021-07-10
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Zahura, Faria T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Helmrich, Alysha M.;Ruddell, Benjamin L.;Zahura, Faria T.
洪水是最常见的自然灾害，导致财产损失，受伤和死亡。尽管有可能造成重大后果，但城市洪水仍然难以预测，主要原因是缺乏精细空间尺度的数据可用性和相关的预测能力。公共网络摄像头、社交媒体和公民科学的众包是获取精细水文数据的潜在重要数据来源，但也提出了与数据可靠性和一致性相关的新挑战。我们提供了文献回顾和现有数据库的分析，这些非常规来源的可用性和质量，然后推动讨论其支持细粒度的城市洪水建模和预测的潜力。我们的审查和分析表明，众包数据在城市环境中越来越多，并具有相当大的潜力。整合众包数据有助于改善任何一个来源的质量和完整性问题。然而，仍有许多弱点和挑战有待解决。
Flooding is the most common natural hazard, leading to property damage, injuries, and death. Despite the potential for major consequences, urban flooding remains difficult to forecast, largely due to a lack of data availability at fine spatial scales and associated predictive capabilities. Crowdsourcing of public webcams, social media, and citizen science represent potentially important data sources for obtaining fine-scale hydrological data, but also raise novel challenges related to data reliability and consistency. We provide a review of literature and analysis of existing databases regarding the availability and quality of these unconventional sources that then drives a discussion of their potential to support fine-grained urban flood modelling and prediction. Our review and analysis suggest that crowdsourced data are increasingly available in urban contexts and have considerable potential. Integration of crowdsourced data could help ameliorate quality and completeness issues in any one source. Yet, substantial weaknesses and challenges remain to be addressed.