〈Essay〉From top-down to bottom-up: a short history of science communication policy in Japan
〈Essay〉From top-down to bottom-up: a short history of science communication policy in Japan
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〈随笔〉从自上而下到自下而上：日本科学传播政策简史
DOI：
10.22323/2.16030401
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Masataka Watanabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Masataka Watanabe
2003年以来，日本的“公众理解科学”（PUS）政策转向了“科学传播”政策。这一年，在科学传播方面同时取得了一些进展。当时出版了倡导促进科学传播的重要报告和科学传播教科书。最重要的后果是，该报告促使文部科学省改变了政策。第二年，科学文部省发表了《2004年科学技术白色文件》，其主题是科学传播。虽然这种转变可能开始时是一种自上而下的设计，但随后在日本各地扎下了坚实的根基。2011年，日本科学交流协会成立。2011年3月11日发生的东日本大地震极大地改变了人们对科学传播的认识。为什么这样的政策转变是可能的？这种连锁反应是如何发生的？本文将探讨这些现象背后的原因。摘要
Japan’s policy of “public understanding of science” (PUS) has shifted to “science communication” since 2003. That year, there were a number of simultaneous developments with regard to science communication. The key report that advocated for the promotion of science communication and a textbook on science communication were published then. The most important consequence was that the report triggered a policy change at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). The following year, MEXT published the White Paper on Science and Technology 2004, the main theme of which was concerned with science communication. Although the shift may have begun as a somewhat top-down contrivance, it has subsequently sunk down firm roots throughout Japan. In 2011 the Japanese Association for Science Communication was founded. People’s awareness of science communication was significantly changed by the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011. Why was such a policy shift possible? How did such a cascade effect occur? This paper will discuss the reasons behind these phenomena. Abstract