Suicide, social integration, and masculinity in the US military
Suicide, social integration, and masculinity in the US military
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.07.031
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kushner, Howard I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braswell, Harold;Kushner, Howard I.
报告显示，近年来，美国军队的自杀事件大幅增加。这一增加归因于若干因素，包括更频繁的部署、对新兵的筛选更宽松、战斗创伤、士兵的经济困难以及人际关系破裂。在这篇文章中，我们增加了一个我们认为对理解军人自杀至关重要的因素：军队本身的社会文化环境。特别是，我们研究的作用，男性的意识形态管理军事生活中发挥的作用，在个人挫折的内化和自杀行为。自杀调查人员往往忽视了男性意识形态在军事自杀中的作用，因为他们假设自杀是社会解体的结果。相比之下，我们认为，军事自杀主要是由过度的社会融合。从这个角度来看，目前对军人自杀的解释受到性别和病因假设的限制。最后，本文提出了这些研究结果的影响，为设计更有效的预防军事自杀计划。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Reports indicate that suicide in the U.S. military has increased significantly in recent years. This increase has been attributed to a number of factors, including more frequent deployments, more relaxed screening of recruits, combat trauma, economic difficulty amongst soldiers, and the breakdown of interpersonal relationships. In this article, we add an element that we believe is crucial to an understanding of military suicide: the socio-cultural environment of the military itself. In particular, we examine the role that the masculine ideologies governing military life play in the internalization of individual frustrations and in suicidal behavior. Suicide investigators often have ignored the role of masculine ideologies in military suicide because of the assumption that suicide results from social disintegration. In contrast, we argue that military suicide is driven largely by excessive social integration. From this perspective, current explanations of military suicide are constrained by gender and etiological assumptions. Finally, this paper suggests the implications of these findings for designing more effective prevention programs for military suicide. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.