New functions for the proprioceptive system in skeletal biology
New functions for the proprioceptive system in skeletal biology
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2017.0327
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发表时间：
2018-11-05
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Zelzer, Elazar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blecher, Ronen;Heinemann-Yerushalmi, Lia;Zelzer, Elazar
肌梭和高尔基腱器官 (GTO) 是两种类型的感觉受体，可对骨骼肌长度或张力的变化做出反应。人们早就知道这些机械传感器参与本体感觉和牵张反射。在这里，我们介绍了最近的发现，表明这些器官有助于维持脊柱排列以及骨折的重新排列。这些发现是在一些部分或完全缺乏功能性机械传感器的小鼠品系中取得的。在这两项研究中，功能性纺锤体和 GTO 的缺失产生了比单独纺锤体更严重的表型。有趣的是，在青春期发育期间出现的脊柱弯曲表型与人类青少年特发性脊柱侧凸相似。这种相似性可能通过提供动物模型和有关其病因学的线索，有助于对该疾病的研究。此外，它提出了本体感觉信号受损可能与其他病症的病因有关的可能性。总体而言，这些新发现大大扩展了本体感觉参与肌肉骨骼发育和功能的范围。本文是 Theo Murphy 会议问题“发育力学”的一部分。
Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) are two types of sensory receptors that respond to changes in length or tension of skeletal muscles. These mechanosensors have long been known to participate in both proprioception and stretch reflex. Here, we present recent findings implicating these organs in maintenance of spine alignment as well as in realignment of fractured bones. These discoveries have been made in several mouse lines lacking functional mechanosensors in part or completely. In both studies, the absence of functional spindles and GTOs produced a more severe phenotype than that of spindles alone. Interestingly, the spinal curve phenotype, which appeared during peripubertal development, bears resemblance to the human condition adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This similarity may contribute to the study of the disease by offering both an animal model and a clue as to its aetiology. Moreover, it raises the possibility that impaired proprioceptive signalling may be involved in the aetiology of other conditions. Overall, these new findings expand considerably the scope of involvement of proprioception in musculoskeletal development and function.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Mechanics of development'.