Auditory word recognition across the lifespan Links between linguistic and nonlinguistic inhibitory control in bilinguals and monolinguals
Auditory word recognition across the lifespan Links between linguistic and nonlinguistic inhibitory control in bilinguals and monolinguals
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DOI：
10.1075/lab.14030.blu
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Marian, Viorica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blumenfeld, Henrike K.;Schroeder, Scott R.;Marian, Viorica
最近的研究表明，双语经验重新配置语言和非语言的认知过程。我们研究了语言竞争解决和非语言认知控制的年轻人和老年人谁是双语或单语之间的关系。受试者听英语单词，并在四幅图片中识别所指，同时记录眼球运动。目标图片（例如，CAB）与语音竞争图片一起出现（例如，猫）和两个填充图片。在每次眼动追踪试验后，启动探针评估目标和竞争词的剩余激活和抑制。当占加工速度，结果显示，年龄相关的变化，激活和抑制双语者比单语者小。此外，年轻和年长的双语者，但不是单语者，招聘类似的抑制机制在单词识别和非语言Stroop任务。结果表明，在词汇访问，双语者表现出更一致的竞争决议和招聘的认知控制整个寿命比单语者。
Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.