Using a bad tool with good intention: Young children's imitation of adults' questionable choices
Using a bad tool with good intention: Young children's imitation of adults' questionable choices
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2008.05.002
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kelemen, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DiYanni, Cara;Kelemen, Deborah
我们提出了三项研究，探索 2 至 4 岁儿童在目睹模特的可疑工具使用选择表明她不值得信任时的模仿行为。在研究 1 中，孩子们观察到模型无意中为一项任务选择了物理上最佳的工具，然后故意拒绝了功能上无法承受的任务。当被要求为她执行任务时，所有年龄段的孩子都会忽略模型的有意暗示并选择最佳工具。研究 2 发现，当模型的设计主张强调模型的非负担性工具选择时，3 岁的孩子会增加模仿。当模型选择次优工具而不是无法负担的工具时，他们也会像两岁的孩子一样进行模仿。四岁的孩子始终避免模仿。研究 3 使用新工具和参与者复制了这些发现。其他措施表明，有关工件设计的知识可以预测儿童忽视模型的倾向。这些结果揭示了模仿的社会和认知功能的发展趋势。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
We present three studies exploring 2- to 4-year-olds' imitation on witnessing a model whose questionable tool use choices suggested her untrustworthiness. In Study 1, children observed the model accidentally select a physically optimal tool for a task and then intentionally reject it for one that was functionally nonaffordant. When asked to perform the task for her, children at all ages ignored the model's intentional cues and selected the optimal tool. Study 2 found that when the model's nonaffordant tool choice was emphasized by claims about its design, 3-year-olds increased imitation. They also imitated, as did 2-year-olds, when the model selected a suboptimal rather than nonaffordant tool. The 4-year-olds consistently avoided imitation. Study 3 replicated these findings with new tools and participants. Additional measures indicated that knowledge about artifact design predicted children's tendency to ignore the model. These results shed light on developmental trends in the social and cognitive functions of imitation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.