Applications of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensors.
Applications of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensors.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.011
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发表时间：
2008-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
D. Wei;A. Ivaska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Wei;A. Ivaska
离子液体（Ionic Liquids，IL）是熔点接近或低于室温的熔融盐。它们由两个电荷相反的不对称离子组成，它们只是松散地结合在一起（通常是大体积的有机阳离子和较小的阴离子）。良好的溶剂化性质、高导电性、非挥发性、低毒性、大的电化学窗口（即，电解质在电极上既不被还原也不被氧化的电化学电势范围）和良好的电化学稳定性使得离子液体适用于许多应用。近年来，基于离子液体的新型离子选择性传感器、气体传感器和生物传感器得到了发展。IL凝胶被发现与酶、蛋白质甚至活细胞具有良好的生物相容性。除了简要讨论离子液体的性质及其基于这些性质的一般应用外，本文重点介绍了离子液体在电分析传感器中的应用。
Ionic liquids (ILs) are molten salts with the melting point close to or below room temperature. They are composed of two asymmetrical ions of opposite charges that only loosely fit together (usually bulky organic cations and smaller anions). The good solvating properties, high conductivity, non-volatility, low toxicity, large electrochemical window (i.e. the electrochemical potential range over which the electrolyte is neither reduced nor oxidized on electrodes) and good electrochemical stability, make ILs suitable for many applications. Recently, novel ion selective sensors, gas sensors and biosensors based on ILs have been developed. IL gels were found to have good biocompatibility with enzymes, proteins and even living cells. Besides a brief discussion of the properties of ILs and their general applications based on these properties, this review focuses on the application of ILs in electroanalytical sensors.