Potential Nutritional and Economic Effects of Replacing Juice With Fruit in the Diets of Children in the United States
Potential Nutritional and Economic Effects of Replacing Juice With Fruit in the Diets of Children in the United States
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DOI：
10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1599
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rehm, Colin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Monsivais, Pablo;Rehm, Colin D.
目的：估计美国儿童饮食中用整个水果代替果汁的营养和经济影响。设计：使用2001-2004年国家健康和营养检查调查和国家食品价格数据库进行二次分析。在3个模型中，用新鲜、便宜和广泛消费的水果完全取代果汁，在第4个模型中，用水果部分取代果汁，将果汁限制在推荐水平，在这3个模型中，估计了用水果完全取代果汁之前和之后的能量摄入量、营养素摄入量和饮食成本。设置：美国全国范围内具有代表性的儿童样本。共7023名3至18岁的儿童。主要暴露：系统性地用水果完全或部分替代果汁。主要结果测量：观察饮食和模拟饮食之间能量摄入、营养摄入和饮食成本的差异。结果：对于喝果汁的儿童，用新鲜的果汁代替所有的果汁，整个水果导致膳食能量预计减少233 kJ/d（-2.6%差异[95% CI，-5.1%至-0.1%]），纤维增加4.3 g/d（差异31.1%[95%CI，26.4%-35.9%]），饮食成本增加0.54美元/天（13.3%差异[95% CI，8.8%-17.8%]）。用新鲜水果代替果汁有可能减少儿童饮食中的能量摄入，提高纤维摄入的充足性。这可能会增加学校、儿童保育提供者和家庭的成本。这些成本效应可以通过选择加工水果来最小化，但获得的营养收益较少。《儿科青少年医学文献》2012; 166（5）：459-464
Objective: To estimate the nutritional and economic effects of substituting whole fruit for juice in the diets of children in the United States.Design: Secondary analyses using the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and a national food prices database. Energy intakes, nutrient intakes, and diet costs were estimated before and after fruit juices were completely replaced with fruit in 3 models that emphasized fruits that were fresh, inexpensive, and widely consumed and in a fourth model that partially replaced juice with fruit, capping juice at recommended levels.Setting: A nationwide, representative sample of children in the United States.Participants: A total of 7023 children aged 3 to 18 years.Main Exposures: Systematic complete or partial replacement of juice with fruit.Main Outcome Measures: Difference in energy intakes, nutrient intakes, and diet costs between observed and modeled diets.Results: For children who consumed juice, replacement of all juice servings with fresh, whole fruit led to a projected reduction in dietary energy of 233 kJ/d (-2.6% difference [95% CI, -5.1% to -0.1%]), an increase in fiber of 4.3 g/d (31.1% difference [95% CI, 26.4%35.9%]), and an increase in diet cost of $0.54/d (13.3% difference [95% CI, 8.8%-17.8%]).Conclusions: Substitution of juice with fresh fruit has the potential to reduce energy intake and improve the adequacy of fiber intake in children's diets. This would likely increase costs for schools, childcare providers, and families. These cost effects could be minimized by selecting processed fruits, but fewer nutritional gains would be achieved. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012; 166(5): 459-464