Harvesting, storing, and converting carbon from the ocean to create a new carbon economy: Challenges and opportunities
Harvesting, storing, and converting carbon from the ocean to create a new carbon economy: Challenges and opportunities
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DOI：
10.3389/fenrg.2022.999307
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hunter B. Vibbert;A. Park
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hunter B. Vibbert;A. Park
不断增加的人为CO2排放要求我们开发碳捕获、利用和储存（CCUS）技术，为了应对气候变化，这些选择应该是规模化的。除了从发电厂和化学过程中捕获CO2的工程系统之外，还出现了包括地球（即，空气，地球和海洋）在其系统边界。由于海洋是最大的二氧化碳自然汇，因此非常需要能够加强海洋碳储存的技术。在这里，我们讨论了碱度增强和生物激发的CO2水合反应，这些反应可以改变海水的平衡，从而将更多的碳泵入这个天然水槽。此外，我们强调了最近的工作，可以收获和转换海洋捕获的二氧化碳为化学品，燃料和材料使用可再生能源，如离岸风。通过这些新兴的创新技术，海洋解决方案中的有机和无机碳可以取代化石来源的碳，并创造一个新的碳经济。开发这些基于海洋的CCUS技术而不产生意外的环境或生态后果至关重要，这将创造一个与地球系统和谐的新工程碳循环。
Ever-increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions have required us to develop carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, and in order to address climate change, these options should be at scale. In addition to engineered systems of CO2 capture from power plants and chemical processes, there are emerging approaches that include the Earth (i.e., air, Earth, and ocean) within its system boundary. Since oceans constitute the largest natural sink of CO2, technologies that can enhance carbon storage in the ocean are highly desired. Here, we discuss alkalinity enhancement and biologically inspired CO2 hydration reactions that can shift the equilibrium of ocean water to pump more carbon into this natural sink. Further, we highlight recent work that can harvest and convert CO2 captured by the ocean into chemicals, fuels, and materials using renewable energy such as off-shore wind. Through these emerging and innovative technologies, organic and inorganic carbon from ocean-based solutions can replace fossil-derived carbon and create a new carbon economy. It is critical to develop these ocean-based CCUS technologies without unintended environmental or ecological consequences, which will create a new engineered carbon cycle that is in harmony with the Earth’s system.