Perspectives on Open Science and scientific data sharing: an interdisciplinary workshop
Perspectives on Open Science and scientific data sharing: an interdisciplinary workshop
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DOI：
10.4436/jass.92006
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Boulton, Geoffrey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bisol, Giovanni Destro;Anagnostou, Paolo;Boulton, Geoffrey
从广阔的视角看开放科学和开放数据。这就是“科学数据共享：跨学科研讨会”背后的理念，该研讨会由意大利人类学研究所于2013年9月2日至4日在意大利阿纳格尼组织，旨在促进来自不同科学领域的学者之间的对话。我们在此报告会议上的发言和讨论的摘要。它们涉及四组问题：(i)建立一个共同框架，对开放数据原则、价值和机会进行一般性讨论；（ii）对科学实践的见解，对开放数据运动在各种科学领域（生物学、心理学、流行病学和考古学）发展方式的看法；（iii）人类基因组学的案例研究，这是数据共享的先驱，它概括了大规模数据共享与开放的边界之一（保护个人数据）之间可能发生的紧张关系；（iv）开放科学与公众，基于关于科学的公众传播和开放科学的社会影响的圆桌讨论。关于规划开放科学的进一步跨学科倡议，有三项建议。首先，有必要将政府、机构和期刊自上而下的倡议与科学界自下而上的方法结合起来。其次，应该做更多的工作来普及开放科学的社会效益，不仅要为公民提供所需的证据，以便他们就自己关心的科学问题得出自己的结论，还要解释数据共享在传染病控制等领域的直接效益。最后，在开放数据的教育传播中引入社会科学和人文科学的观点，可以帮助学生更深入地参与开放科学，从更广阔的角度看待科学。
Looking at Open Science and Open Data from a broad perspective. This is the idea behind "Scientific data sharing: an interdisciplinary workshop", an initiative designed to foster dialogue between scholars from different scientific domains which was organized by the Istituto Italiano di Antropologia in Anagni, Italy, 2-4 September 2013. We here report summaries of the presentations and discussions at the meeting. They deal with four sets of issues: (i) setting a common framework, a general discussion of open data principles, values and opportunities; (ii) insights into scientific practices, a view of the way in which the open data movement is developing in a variety of scientific domains (biology, psychology, epidemiology and archaeology); (iii) a case study of human genomics, which was a trail-blazer in data sharing, and which encapsulates the tension that can occur between large-scale data sharing and one of the boundaries of openness, the protection of individual data; (iv) open science and the public, based on a round table discussion about the public communication of science and the societal implications of open science. There were three proposals for the planning of further interdisciplinary initiatives on open science. Firstly, there is a need to integrate top-down initiatives by governments, institutions and journals with bottom-up approaches from the scientific community. Secondly, more should be done to popularize the societal benefits of open science, not only in providing the evidence needed by citizens to draw their own conclusions on scientific issues that are of concern to them, but also explaining the direct benefits of data sharing in areas such as the control of infectious disease. Finally, introducing arguments from social sciences and humanities in the educational dissemination of open data may help students become more profoundly engaged with Open Science and look at science from a broader perspective.