Local item density modulates adaptation of learned contextual cues
Local item density modulates adaptation of learned contextual cues
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DOI：
10.1080/13506285.2017.1339158
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Geyer, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Annac, Efsun;Conci, Markus;Geyer, Thomas
在日常场景中，搜索的目标不会孤立地出现，而是嵌入在非目标或干扰项的配置中。如果目标相对于干扰物的位置是不变的，则这种空间偶然性被隐含地学习并引导视觉扫描（“上下文提示”）。然而，上下文提示的有效性在很大程度上取决于自下而上的感知输入和上下文记忆之间的一致性：在图形学习之后，将目标重新定位到未改变的干扰物上下文内的意想不到的位置完全废除上下文提示，并且从不变的上下文获得的增益随着对改变的显示器的暴露的增加而恢复得非常缓慢。本研究引入了局部目标语境的变化，即，项目密度，探讨该因素与语境适应的关系。结果表明，学习的上下文线索可以快速适应，如果目标被重新定位到一个稀疏的本地干扰上下文（由一个相邻的非目标项），相比没有适应与密集的上下文（与三个周围的非目标）。这表明语境适应受空间因素的调节，而不受学习过程中顺序效应的限制。
In everyday scenes, searched-for targets do not appear in isolation, but are embedded within configurations of non-target or distractor items. If the position of the target relative to the distractors is invariant, such spatial contingencies are implicitly learned and come to guide visual scanning ("contextual cueing"). However, the effectiveness of contextual cueing depends heavily on the consistency between bottom-up perceptual input and context memory: following configural learning, re-locating targets to an unexpected location within an unchanged distractor context completely abolishes contextual cueing, and gains deriving from the invariant context recover only very slowly with increasing exposure to the changed displays. The current study induces variations of the local target context, i.e., item density, to investigate the relation between this factor and contextual adaptation. The results showed that learned contextual cues can be adapted quickly if the target is re-positioned to a sparse local distractor context (consisting of one neighbouring non-target item), as compared to no adaptation with a dense context (with three surrounding non-targets). This suggests that contextual adaptation is modulated by spatial factors and is not per se limited by order effects in the learning process.