Perspective: Highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution and conservation
Perspective: Highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution and conservation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb03767.x
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hedrick, PW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hedrick, PW
尽管高度可变的基因座（例如微卫星基因座）正在彻底改变进化和保护生物学，但来自这些基因座的数据需要仔细评估。首先，因为这些基因座通常具有非常高的群体内杂合性，所以分化测量的幅度可能相当小。例如，在高度可变基因座处没有共同等位基因的群体的最大 GST 值可能很小，并且最大小于群体内平均纯合性。因此，对于高度可变的位点，建议采用与变异无关的措施。其次，瓶颈或种群规模的减少可能会在短时间内为这些基因座产生较大的遗传距离。在这种情况下，可以针对群体中的低变异校正遗传距离，并建议进行检测瓶颈的测试。第三，统计学上显着的差异可能无法反映生物学上有意义的差异，因为适应性基因座的模式可能与高度可变的基因座不相关，并且这些标记的统计功效非常高。作为后一种效应的一个例子，讨论了检测不同数量的高度可变基因座的不同大小的一代瓶颈的统计功效。所有这些问题都需要纳入进化和保护生物学高度可变基因座模式的利用和解释中。
Although highly variable loci, such as microsatellite loci, are revolutionizing both evolutionary and conservation biology, data from these loci need to be carefully evaluated. First, because these loci often have very high within-population heterozygosity, the magnitude of differentiation measures may be quite small. For example, maximum GST values for populations with no common alleles at highly variable loci may be small and are at maximum less than the average within-population homozygosity. As a result, measures that are variation independent are recommended for highly variable loci. Second, bottlenecks or a reduction in population size can generate large genetic distances in a short time for these loci. In this case, the genetic distance may be corrected for low variation in a population and tests to detect bottlenecks are advised. Third, statistically significant differences may not reflect biologically meaningful differences both because the patterns of adaptive loci may not be correlated with highly variable loci and statistical power with these markers is so high. As an example of this latter effect, the statistical power to detect a one-generation bottleneck of different sizes for different numbers of highly variable loci is discussed. All of these concerns need to be incorporated in the utilization and interpretation of patterns of highly variable loci for both evolutionary and conservation biology.