Training-related brain plasticity in subjects at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
Training-related brain plasticity in subjects at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/brain/awr037
复制
发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Gauthier, Serge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belleville, Sylvie;Clement, Francis;Gauthier, Serge
患有轻度认知障碍的受试者有患阿尔茨海默病的风险。认知刺激是神经学和相关科学领域的一种新兴干预措施，已被证明可以改善轻度认知障碍受试者的认知。然而，还没有研究试图解开支持这种改善的大脑机制。这项研究使用功能性磁共振成像来测量记忆训练对轻度认知障碍老年人大脑激活的影响，并评估它是否可以逆转与轻度认知障碍相关的大脑变化。与言语编码和检索相关的大脑激活在训练前记录了两次，在训练后记录了一次。在轻度认知障碍的受试者中，在包括额叶、颞叶和顶叶区域的大型网络内训练后，发现激活增加。健康对照组在训练后显示出大部分区域的激活减少。与培训前的比较表明，轻度认知障碍的受试者使用的专业领域的组合，即，在培训前激活的领域和新的替代领域激活培训后。然而，只有右侧顶下小叶（一个新的激活区域）的激活与表现相关。此外，轻度认知障碍受试者和健康对照者的大脑激活模式之间的差异通过在一些大脑区域进行训练而减弱。这些结果表明，记忆训练可以导致显著的神经变化，这些变化可以通过大脑成像来测量。他们还表明，轻度认知障碍的人的大脑仍然具有高度的可塑性。
Subjects with mild cognitive impairment are at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive stimulation is an emerging intervention in the field of neurology and allied sciences, having already been shown to improve cognition in subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Yet no studies have attempted to unravel the brain mechanisms that support such improvement. This study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure the effect of memory training on brain activation in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and to assess whether it can reverse the brain changes associated with mild cognitive impairment. Brain activation associated with verbal encoding and retrieval was recorded twice prior to training and once after training. In subjects with mild cognitive impairment, increased activation was found after training within a large network that included the frontal, temporal and parietal areas. Healthy controls showed mostly areas of decreased activation following training. Comparison with pre-training indicated that subjects with mild cognitive impairment used a combination of specialized areas; that is, areas activated prior to training and new alternative areas activated following training. However, only activation of the right inferior parietal lobule, a new area of activation, correlated with performance. Furthermore, the differences between the brain activation patterns of subjects with mild cognitive impairment and those of healthy controls were attenuated by training in a number of brain regions. These results indicate that memory training can result in significant neural changes that are measurable with brain imaging. They also show that the brains of people with mild cognitive impairment remain highly plastic.