Memory inhibition and energy regulation
Memory inhibition and energy regulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.09.004
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发表时间：
2005-12-15
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Jarrard, LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davidson, TL;Kanoski, SE;Jarrard, LE
在简单的行为水平上，食物摄入和体重调节取决于一个人平衡寻找和消耗食物的倾向与抑制或抑制这些反应的能力的能力。因此，任何增加寻找食物和进食的倾向或干扰抑制这些行为的因素都可能导致（a）热量摄入超过热量需求;（B）体重增加导致肥胖。这篇论文从超重和肥胖源于正常情况下抑制饮食行为的机制失效或退化的想法开始。与以前的方法不同，我们不关注传统生理学的失败（例如，神经，激素）调节控制机制，但对抑制性学习和记忆过程，可能有助于调节能量摄入中断。这种将能量失调视为一种“学习障碍”的观点将我们引向海马体，海马体是一种长期以来被认为是学习和记忆的重要基质的大脑结构，我们认为它可能与一种特定类型的记忆抑制功能密切相关，这种功能可能有助于抑制食物摄入。有了这个重点，目前在西方人群中肥胖流行的环境起源的搜索是针对改变海马功能的因素。最后，我们提供了一个初步的说明如何消费的食物高饱和脂肪可能会导致海马功能受损，抑制热量摄入的能力降低，并最终增加体重。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
At a simple behavioral level, food intake and body weight regulation depend on one's ability to balance the tendency to seek out and consume food with the ability to suppress or inhibit those responses. Accordingly, any factor that augments the tendency to engage in food seeking and eating or that interferes with the suppression of these behaviors could produce (a) caloric intake in excess of caloric need; (b) increases in body weight leading to obesity. This paper starts with the idea that excess body weight and obesity stem from a failure or degradation of mechanisms that normally function to inhibit eating behavior. Unlike previous approaches, we focus not on failures of traditional physiological (e.g., neural, hormonal) regulatory control mechanisms, but on disruptions of inhibitory learning and memory processes that may help to regulate energy intake. This view of energy dysregulation as a type of "learning disorder" leads us to the hippocampus, a brain structure that has long been regarded as an important substrate for learning and memory and which we think may be critically involved with a specific type of memory inhibition function that could contribute to the suppression of food intake. With this focus, the search for environmental origins of the current obesity epidemic in Western populations is directed toward factors that alter hippocampal functioning. We conclude by offering a preliminary account of how consumption of foods high in saturated fats might lead to impaired hippocampal function, reduced ability to inhibit caloric intake and, ultimately, to increased body weight. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.