Functional neuroimaging of cognition
Functional neuroimaging of cognition
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DOI：
10.1055/s-2000-13182
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
D 'Esposito, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D 'Esposito, M
神经成像在许多方面彻底改变了行为神经学和认知神经科学的研究。早期对大脑-行为关系的研究依赖于精确的神经学检查，作为假设导致特定行为综合征的大脑损伤部位的基础。结构脑成像的出现，首先是计算机断层扫描(CT)，后来是磁共振成像(MRI)，为更精确地定位脑损伤后明显的认知障碍铺平了道路。近年来，功能神经成像进一步提高了我们研究行为的神经基础的能力。功能神经成像被广泛定义为提供大脑活动测量的技术。随着正电子发射断层扫描(PET)的使用，现代脑功能成像时代被引入。近年来，功能磁共振成像(FMRI)迅速崛起，成为一种非常强大的研究认知的技术，具有许多优于正电子发射计算机断层扫描(PET)的优点。因此，认知功能磁共振研究的基本原理是本综述的重点。
Neuroimaging has, in many respects, revolutionized the study of behavioral neurology and cognitive neuroscience. Early studies of brain-behavior relationships relied on a precise neurological examination as the basis for hypothesizing the site of brain damage that was responsible for a given behavioral syndrome. The advent of structural brain imaging, first with computed tomography (CT) and later with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), paved the way for more precise anatomical localization of the cognitive deficits that are manifest after brain injury. In recent years, functional neuroimaging, broadly defined as techniques that provide measures of brain activity, has further increased our ability to study the neural basis of behavior. The modern era of functional brain imaging was introduced with the use of positron emission tomography (PET). In more recent years, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has rapidly emerged as an extremely powerful technique with many advantages over PET for studying cognition. Thus, the principles underlying fMRI studies of cognition are the focus of this review.