LEARNING TO EXPRESS MOTION EVENTS IN ENGLISH AND KOREAN - THE INFLUENCE OF LANGUAGE-SPECIFIC LEXICALIZATION PATTERNS
LEARNING TO EXPRESS MOTION EVENTS IN ENGLISH AND KOREAN - THE INFLUENCE OF LANGUAGE-SPECIFIC LEXICALIZATION PATTERNS
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DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(91)90033-z
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发表时间：
1991-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
BOWERMAN, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHOI, S;BOWERMAN, M
英语和韩国语对运动事件的词汇化方式不同。 英语的特点是将动作与方式、原因或指示语混为一谈，并分别表示路径。 与此相反，韩国语将运动与路径以及图形和背景元素合并在导致运动的及物性从句中，但将运动与指示语合并在自发运动的不及物性从句中，并分别拼出路径和方式。 学习英语和韩语的儿童在17-20个月大的时候就对语言特有的模式表现出敏感性。 例如，英语学习者很快将他们最早的空间词--路径助词，如up、down和in --概括为自发的和引起的位置变化，以及向上和向下的姿势变化，而韩语学习者将自发的和引起的运动严格分开，并使用不同的词来表示位置的垂直变化和姿势变化。 这些发现挑战了普遍认为，儿童最初映射空间词直接非语言空间概念，并建议他们的语言几乎从一开始就受到语义组织的影响。 我们讨论如何输入和认知可能会相互作用的学习谈论空间的早期阶段。
English and Korean differ in how they lexicalize the components of motion events. English characteristically conflates Motion with Manner, Cause, or Deixis, and expresses Path separately. Korean, in contrast, conflates Motion with Path and elements of Figure and Ground in transitive clauses for caused Motion, but conflates motion with Deixis and spells out Path and Manner separately in intransitive clauses for spontaneous motion. Children learning English and Korean show sensitivity to language-specific patterns in the way they talk about motion from as early as 17-20 months. For example, learners of English quickly generalize their earliest spatial words - Path particles like up, down, and in - to both spontaneous and caused changes of location and, for up and down, to posture changes, while learners of Korean keep words for spontaneous and caused motion strictly separate and use different words for vertical changes of location and posture changes. These findings challenge the widespread view that children initially map spatial words directly to nonlinguistic spatial concepts, and suggest that they are influenced by the semantic organization of their language virtually from the beginning. We discuss how input and cognition may interact in the early phases of learning to talk about space.