Competition and cost pass-through in differentiated oligopolies
Competition and cost pass-through in differentiated oligopolies
复制标题
差异化寡头垄断中的竞争与成本转嫁
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Carlson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paul R. Zimmerman;J. Carlson
竞争对企业通过降低边际成本的激励所产生的影响，是评估其他市场结构绩效的一个重要考虑因素。本文考察了产品差异化对企业特定和行业范围的传递率的作用。依赖于Shubik（1980）模型的差异化古诺竞争与线性需求，我们表明，存在一个初始的临界范围内，企业特定的成本传递率下降的企业数量。超过这个范围，这个比率会不断增加--随着公司数量的无限增加，这个比率会接近50%。这与差异化的Bertrand竞争模型形成对比，在该模型中，成本通过企业数量单调减少。古诺模型和贝特朗模型的不同影响来自于竞争和产品差异化对各自企业反应函数的影响。基于模型的预测和反垄断政策的影响，未来的实证工作的建议进行了讨论。
The impact that competition exerts on the incentives of firms to pass through reductions in their marginal costs is an important consideration in assessing the performance of alternate market structures. This paper examines the role of product differentiation on firm-specific and industry-wide pass-through rates. Relying on Shubik’s (1980) model of differentiated Cournot competition with linear demand, we show that there exists an initial critical range over which the firm-specific cost pass-through rate decreases in the number of firms. Beyond this range the rate continually increases – approaching 50 percent as the number of firms goes to infinity. This contrasts with a model of differentiated Bertrand competition in which cost pass through monotonically decreases in the number of firms. The disparate effects across the Cournot and Bertrand models are shown to stem from the influence of competition and product differentiation on the respective firm reaction functions. Suggestions for future empirical work based upon the models’ predictions and implications for antitrust policy are also discussed.