A scoping review of interventions for crop postharvest loss reduction in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
A scoping review of interventions for crop postharvest loss reduction in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
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撒哈拉以南非洲和南亚减少作物采后损失干预措施的范围审查
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
M. Torero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Stathers;D. Holcroft;L. Kitinoja;B. Mvumi;A. English;O. Omotilewa;Megan Kocher;Jessica Ault;M. Torero
减少粮食作物的收获后损失 (PHL) 是可持续提高农业生产力的关键组成部分。许多减少 PHL 的干预措施已经过测试，但支持循证投资和政策的综合信息却很少。在这项研究中，系统回顾了 1970 年代至 2019 年撒哈拉以南非洲和南亚 57 个国家 22 种作物的 PHL 减少干预措施。对已确定的 12,907 项研究进行筛选后，收集了 334 项研究，这些研究用于综合证据并构建在线开放获取数据库，可按作物、国家、采后活动和干预类型进行搜索。主要针对农民的储存技术干预措施占主导地位（83％的研究）。玉米是研究最多的作物（25%）。印度的研究最多（32%），而 25 个国家没有研究。该分析表明，迫切需要对多个季节和地点的整个价值链的干预措施进行系统评估，目标是农民以外的利益相关者。缺乏对培训、金融、基础设施、政策和市场干预的研究凸显了技术或处理实践变化之外的干预措施的必要性。此外，还需要开展更多研究，将 PHL 减少对与可持续发展目标相关的社会、经济和环境成果的影响联系起来。该分析为决策者提供了明智的政策制定和减少 PHL 投资优先顺序的数据。减少收获后作物损失对于可持续提高农业生产力至关重要。该分析表明，需要对整个价值链的采后减少损失干预措施进行系统评估，以农民以外的利益相关者为目标，并针对更多样化的粮食作物，以制定未来的政策决策。
Reducing postharvest losses (PHLs) of food crops is a critical component of sustainably increasing agricultural productivity. Many PHL reduction interventions have been tested, but synthesized information to support evidence-based investments and policy is scarce. In this study, PHL reduction interventions for 22 crops across 57 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia from the 1970s to 2019 were systematically reviewed. Screening of the 12,907 studies identified resulted in a collection of 334 studies, which were used to synthesize the evidence and construct an online open-access database, searchable by crop, country, postharvest activity and intervention type. Storage technology interventions mainly targeting farmers dominated (83% of the studies). Maize was the most studied crop (25%). India had the most studies (32%), while 25 countries had no studies. This analysis indicates an urgent need for a systematic assessment of interventions across the entire value chain over multiple seasons and sites, targeting stakeholders beyond farmers. The lack of studies on training, finance, infrastructure, policy and market interventions highlights the need for interventions beyond technologies or handling practice changes. Additionally, more studies are needed connecting the impact of PHL reductions to social, economic and environmental outcomes related to Sustainable Development Goals. This analysis provides decision makers with data for informed policy formulation and prioritization of investments in PHL reduction. Reducing postharvest crop losses is vital to sustainably increase agricultural productivity. This analysis reveals a need for systematic assessment of postharvest loss reduction interventions across the value chain, targeting stakeholders beyond farmers, and for a more diverse range of food crops, to shape future policy decisions.