Viremia, virus shedding, and antibody response during natural avian polyomavirus infection in parrots
Viremia, virus shedding, and antibody response during natural avian polyomavirus infection in parrots
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DOI：
10.2460/javma.2000.217.32
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发表时间：
2000-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Styles, DK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Phalen, DN;Radabaugh, CS;Styles, DK
确定传播速度和病毒血症的发作和持续时间。实验方法：研究自然感染禽多瘤病毒（APV）的鹦鹉的病毒脱落和抗体产生。设计-病例系列。动物-2个鸟舍中的92只鹦鹉。程序-在3- 4个月期间，从自然接触APV的鹦鹉中采集血样，用于测定血清病毒中和抗体和检测病毒DNA。从第二年的孵化的雏鸟进行监测APV infection.Results-the第一个迹象不明显的感染是病毒血症，同时开发或随后在1周内泄泻病毒脱落和抗体生产。病毒血症停止后泄泻病毒继续脱落。在病毒血症期间，在血液样品中连续检测到病毒DNA。在大多数鸟类的泄殖腔拭子样本中检测到病毒DNA，但在6只鸟类中检测到不一致，在3只鸟类中未检测到病毒DNA，即使这些鸟类是病毒血症。泄殖腔病毒排出持续时间小于或等于4.5个月。在1个鸟舍中，感染率为88%，病毒通过3个房间的建筑物传播需要4.5个月。在第二个鸟舍，一个单间托儿所，感染率小于或等于90%。对于所有受影响的鸟类，感染可以检测后18天的第一个death.Conclusions和临床相关性，如果一个单一的采样用于聚合酶链反应检测病毒DNA，血液和泄殖腔拭子样本是必需的。在雏鸟非虎皮鹦鹉，泄殖腔病毒脱落可能持续4.5个月。管理协议本身就足以防止引进APV到苗圃。
Objective-To determine rapidity of Spread and onset and duration of viremia. virus shedding, and antibody production in parrots naturally infected with avian polyomavirus (APV).Design-Case series.Animals-92 parrots in 2 aviaries.Procedure-Blood samples were obtained from parrots naturally exposed to APV during a 3- to 4-month period for determination of serum virus neutralizing antibody and detection of viral DNA. Nestlings from the next year's hatch were monitored for APV infection.Results-The first indication of inapparent infection was viremia, which developed simultaneously with or was followed within 1 week by cloacal virus shedding and antibody production. Cloacal virus shedding continued after viremia ceased. During viremia, viral DNA was detected continuously in blood samples. Viral DNA was detected in serial cloacal swab specimens in most birds, but it was detected inconsistently in 6 birds and not detected in 3 birds, even though these birds were viremic. Duration of cloacal virus shedding was less than or equal to 4.5 months. in 1 aviary, prevalence of infection was 88% and dissemination of virus through the 3-room building required 4.5 months. In the second aviary,a single-room nursery, prevalence of infection was less than or equal to 90%. For all affected birds, infection could be detected 18 days after the first death.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-if a single sampling is used for polymerase chain reaction detection of viral DNA, blood and cloacal swab specimens are required. In nestling nonbudgerigar parrots, cloacal virus shedding may persist for 4.5 months. Management protocols alone are sufficient to prevent introduction of APV into a nursery.