Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 taste receptor gene selectively affects taste responses to sweeteners:: evidence from 129.B6-Tas1r3 congenic mice
Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 taste receptor gene selectively affects taste responses to sweeteners:: evidence from 129.B6-Tas1r3 congenic mice
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DOI：
10.1152/physiolgenomics.00161.2007
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发表时间：
2007-12-19
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bachmanov, Alexander A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inoue, Masashi;Glendinning, John I.;Bachmanov, Alexander A.
Tas 1 r3基因编码T1 R3受体蛋白，其参与甜味转导。为了表征T1 R3受体的配体特异性和甜味反应的遗传结构，我们采用三种不同的测量方法分析了129.B6-Tas 1 r3同类小鼠对各种化学成分不同的甜味剂和葡萄糖聚合物的味觉反应：48小时两瓶偏好测试中的消耗量、初始舔反应和鼓索神经的反应。这三项措施的结果基本一致。Tas 1 r3基因的等位基因变异影响了对非营养甜味剂（糖精、乙酰磺胺钾、三氯蔗糖、SC-45647）、糖类（蔗糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、果糖）、糖醇（麦芽糖、山梨糖醇）和一些氨基酸（D-色氨酸、D-苯丙氨酸、L-脯氨酸）的味觉反应。Tas 1 r3基因型不影响对几种甜味氨基酸（L-谷氨酰胺、L-苏氨酸、L-丙氨酸、甘氨酸）、葡萄糖聚合物（多糖、麦芽低聚糖）和非甜味NaCl、HCl、奎宁、谷氨酸盐和肌苷5 '-单磷酸盐的味觉反应。因此，Tas 1 R3多态性影响对许多营养性和非营养性甜味剂的味觉反应（所有这些甜味剂都必须与涉及T1 R3的味觉受体相互作用），但不是所有碳水化合物和氨基酸。此外，我们发现甜味反应的遗传结构的变化取决于味觉反应的措施和甜味刺激的强度。T1 R3受体的变化在很宽的甜味剂浓度范围内影响外周味觉反应，但对较高浓度的某些甜味剂的行为反应越来越依赖于可以覆盖外周味觉系统输入的机制。
The Tas1r3 gene encodes the T1R3 receptor protein, which is involved in sweet taste transduction. To characterize ligand specificity of the T1R3 receptor and the genetic architecture of sweet taste responsiveness, we analyzed taste responses of 129.B6-Tas1r3 congenic mice to a variety of chemically diverse sweeteners and glucose polymers with three different measures: consumption in 48-h two-bottle preference tests, initial licking responses, and responses of the chorda tympani nerve. The results were generally consistent across the three measures. Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 gene influenced taste responsiveness to nonnutritive sweeteners (saccharin, acesulfame-K, sucralose, SC-45647), sugars (sucrose, maltose, glucose, fructose), sugar alcohols (erythritol, sorbitol), and some amino acids (D-tryptophan, D-phenylalanine, L-proline). Tas1r3 genotype did not affect taste responses to several sweet-tasting amino acids (L-glutamine, L-threonine, L-alanine, glycine), glucose polymers (Polycose, maltooligosaccharide), and nonsweet NaCl, HCl, quinine, monosodium glutamate, and inosine 5'- monophosphate. Thus Tas1r3 polymorphisms affect taste responses to many nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners (all of which must interact with a taste receptor involving T1R3), but not to all carbohydrates and amino acids. In addition, we found that the genetic architecture of sweet taste responsiveness changes depending on the measure of taste response and the intensity of the sweet taste stimulus. Variation in the T1R3 receptor influenced peripheral taste responsiveness over a wide range of sweetener concentrations, but behavioral responses to higher concentrations of some sweeteners increasingly depended on mechanisms that could override input from the peripheral taste system.