MALARIA TRANSMISSION AND VECTOR BIOLOGY ON SAINTE-MARIE ISLAND, MADAGASCAR
MALARIA TRANSMISSION AND VECTOR BIOLOGY ON SAINTE-MARIE ISLAND, MADAGASCAR
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/29.2.197
复制
发表时间：
1992-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
COULANGES, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FONTENILLE, D;LEPERS, JP;COULANGES, P
一个17个月的纵向疟疾调查（1988年11月至1990年3月）进行了圣玛丽岛，在马达加斯加东海岸的一个地区，经常访问的游客。在706个人夜的捕获中，捕获了属于32个物种的46，401只蚊子。通过ELISA测定子孢子率，并将冈比亚按蚊Giles s.s.，一个. funestus Giles和An. mascarensis De Meillon作为疟疾的媒介。一个.冈比亚是主要的病媒，高度嗜中性，但主要是嗜外性。该物种的传播主要发生在11月至4月;总体环子孢子抗原阳性率为1.7%，3月至4月最高为3.2%。夜间传播高峰期出现在午夜至凌晨4时。年接种率计算为每人100次感染叮咬，其中92次为恶性疟原虫叮咬。一个. funestus在传播中起次要作用。一个.马达加斯加特有的按蚊mascarensis首次被认定为疟疾病媒。ELISA和唾液腺解剖结果显示，该物种的子孢子率为0.4%至0.9%。20岁以下人群的寄生虫指数在一年中从64%波动到80%。建议为当地居民和游客提供蚊帐以保护疟疾。
A 17-mo longitudinal malaria survey (November 1988-March 1990) was carried out on Sainte Marie Island, an area on the east coast of Madagascar which is frequently visited by tourists. During 706 man-nights of capture, 46,401 mosquitoes belonging to 32 species were caught. Sporozoite rates were determined by ELISA and incriminated Anopheles gambiae Giles s.s., An. funestus Giles, and An. mascarensis De Meillon as vectors of malaria. An. gambiae, the main vector, was highly anthropophilic but largely exophilic. Transmission by this species occurred mainly from November to April; the overall circumsporozoite antigen positivity rate was 1.7%, with a maximum of 3.2% in March-April. The nightly peak of transmission occurred between midnight and 0400 hours. The annual inoculation rate was calculated to be 100 infective bites per human, of which 92 were of Plasmodium falciparum. An. funestus played a minor role in transmission. An. mascarensis, an anopheline endemic to Madagascar, was incriminated for the first time, as a malaria vector. The sporozoite rate in this species varied from 0.4 to 0.9% as shown by both ELISA and salivary gland dissections. Parasite indices in humans up to 20 yr of age fluctuated during the year from 64 to 80%. Bed nets are recommended for malaria protection for the local population and tourists.