Prussia or North Germany? The Image of “Germany” during the Prusso-Japanese Treaty Negotiations in 1860-1861
Prussia or North Germany? The Image of “Germany” during the Prusso-Japanese Treaty Negotiations in 1860-1861
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普鲁士还是北德？1860-1861 年普日条约谈判期间的“德国”形象
DOI：
10.1163/9789004345423_003
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fukuoka Mariko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mariko Fukuoka;福岡万里子;福岡万里子;Fukuoka Mariko
普日条约以及促成该条约缔结的谈判与日本在江户时代后期缔结的早期条约有两个主要方面的不同。首先，普日条约并没有规定开放大阪和兵库（今神户）这两个日本西部重要的商港。后来德川幕府与瑞士、比利时、意大利和丹麦签署的四项条约都遵循了普鲁士与日本的先例。 2 就此而言，普鲁士条约成为1861年以后日本幕府政府与外国签订的条约的新雏形。 其次，普日条约的缔结
The Prusso-Japanese treaty and the negotiations that led to its conclusion differed in two primary aspects from earlier treaties Japan concluded in the late Edo era. First, the Prusso-Japanese treaty had no stipulation concerning the opening of Osaka and Hyōgo (present-day Kobe), both vital commercial ports in western Japan. The four treaties later signed by the Tokugawa shogunate with Switzerland, Belgium, Italy, and Denmark followed this Prusso-Japanese precedent. 2 In this regard, the Prussian treaty became the new prototype for the treaties signed between the Japanese shogunate government and foreign countries after 1861. Secondly, the conclusion of the Prusso-Japanese treaty