Enhanced memory for the wolf in sheep’s clothing: Facial trustworthiness modulates face-trait associative memory
Enhanced memory for the wolf in sheep’s clothing: Facial trustworthiness modulates face-trait associative memory
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2010.08.004
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Atsunobu Suzuki;Sayaka Suga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Atsunobu Suzuki;Sayaka Suga
我们在决定是否信任某人并与之合作时，会受到这个人的面部外貌的影响，尽管它的预测能力有限。因此，记住看起来值得信赖的作弊者比记住看起来不值得信赖的作弊者更重要，因为我们更有可能信任前者并与之合作，从而导致更高的非互惠合作风险。这项研究调查了我们的大脑是否通过增强看起来可信的作弊者的记忆来适应性地应对这个问题。参与者玩了一个债务游戏，他们学会了区分好的、中性的和坏的贷款人，这些贷款人分别对债务收取不、中等和高额的利息。每个贷款人都有一张看起来值得信赖或不值得信赖的脸。随后的一项记忆测试显示，参与者对看起来值得信赖的贷款人的不良特征的记忆要比看起来不值得信赖的贷款人更准确。结果表明，看起来值得信赖的作弊者或披着羊皮的狼的记忆力增强，这意味着人类对伪装的、不忠的值得信赖的迹象具有保护机制。
Our decision about whether to trust and cooperate with someone is influenced by the individual’s facial appearance despite its limited predictive power. Thus, remembering trustworthy-looking cheaters is more important than remembering untrustworthy-looking cheaters because we are more likely to trust and cooperate with the former, resulting in a higher risk of unreciprocated cooperation. The present study investigated whether our mind adaptively copes with this problem by enhancing memory for trustworthy-looking cheaters. Participants played a debt game, wherein they learned to discriminate among good, neutral, and bad lenders, who respectively charged no, moderate, and high interest on the debt. Each lender had either a trustworthy- or untrustworthy-looking face. A subsequent memory test revealed that participants remembered the bad traits of trustworthy-looking lenders more accurately than those of untrustworthy-looking lenders. The results demonstrate enhanced memory for trustworthy-looking cheaters, or wolves in sheep’s clothing, implying that humans are equipped with protective mechanisms against disguised, unfaithful signs of trustworthiness.