Identification of shark species composition and proportion in the Hong Kong shark fin market based on molecular genetics and trade records
Identification of shark species composition and proportion in the Hong Kong shark fin market based on molecular genetics and trade records
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00247.x
复制
发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Shivji, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke, SC;Magnussen, JE;Shivji, MS
蓬勃发展且基本上不受管制的鱼翅贸易是对全世界鲨鱼种群的最严重威胁之一。在世界最大的鱼翅市场香港，鱼翅被交易商根据市场价值划分为中文名称类别，但市场类别与鲨鱼品种之间的关系并不明确，无法确定交易量最大的品种。为了描述这些关系，我们设计了一个抽样策略，在有限的市场准入条件下，因为贸易商的敏感性提高，从贸易商和类别收集统计上足够数量的鱼翅。根据贸易商和形态检查的信息，我们假设在11个常见的贸易类别的鱼翅市场名称和鲨鱼税之间的匹配。这些假设进行了测试，使用基于DNA的物种识别技术，以确定市场类别和物种之间的一致性。只有14个物种占拍卖鳍重量的约40%。证实假设匹配或一致性的样本比例在各个市场类别中从0.64到1不等。我们将这些类别的一致性信息和可用的市场拍卖记录纳入随机模型，以估计每个分类群对鱼翅贸易的贡献。拍卖的鱼翅重量主要是由大青鲨（Prionace glauca），占整个市场的17%。其他税收，包括短鳍鲭鲨（尖吻鲭鲨），丝（镰状真鲨），沙洲（C。obscurus）、公牛（C. leucas），双髻鲨（Sphyrna spp.），和脱粒机（Alopias spp.），至少占交易量的276%。我们的野生动物产品市场监测方法特别适用于资源开采来源的定量数据稀少和大规模基因检测受到预算或其他市场准入限制的情况。
The burgeoning and largely unregulated trade in shark fins represents one of the most serious threats to shark populations worldwide. In Hong Kong, the world's largest shark fin market, fins are classified by traders into Chinese-name categories on the basis of market value, but the relationship between market category and shark species is unclear, preventing identification of species that are the most heavily traded. To delineate these relationships, we designed a sampling strategy for collecting statistically sufficient numbers of fins from traders and categories under conditions of limited market access because of heightened trader sensitivities. Based on information from traders and morphological inspection, we hypothesized matches between market names and shark taxes for fins within 11 common trade categories. These hypotheses were tested using DNA-based species identification techniques to determine the concordance between market category and species. Only 14 species made up approximately 40% of the auctioned fin weight. The proportion of samples confirming the hypothesized match, or concordance, varied from 0.64 to 1 across the market categories. We incorporated the concordance information and available market auction records for these categories into stochastic models to estimate the contribution of each taxon by weight to the fin trade. Auctioned fin weight was dominated by the blue shark (Prionace glauca), which was 17% of the overall market. Other taxes, including the shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), silky (Carcharhinus falciformis), sandbar (C. obscurus), bull (C. leucas), hammerhead (Sphyrna spp.), and thresher (Alopias spp.), were at least 276% of the trade. Our approach to marketplace monitoring of wildlife products is particularly applicable to situations in which quantitative data at the source of resource extraction are sparse and large-scale genetic testing is limited by budgetary or other market access constraints.