Physical Chemical Aspects of Cell Surface Events in Cellular Regulation
Physical Chemical Aspects of Cell Surface Events in Cellular Regulation
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细胞调节中细胞表面事件的物理化学方面
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发表时间：
1980
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通讯作者：
Robert Blumenthal
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作者：
Robert Blumenthal
辛格-尼科尔森细胞膜的流体镶嵌模型的明显优点之一是，它提供了切实的手段，使膜可以作为信息的转换器。跨膜蛋白和糖蛋白接收到的信号可能导致Davson-Danielli脂质双分子层栅栏另一侧的重大生化事件。当然，流体镶嵌模型的建立部分是为了解释生物膜的这种已知功能，并在其公式中利用了跨膜通信的结构和功能证据。尽管如此，它的出现对配体受体相互作用领域的工作是一个相当大的刺激，并且正在审查的卷汇集了许多领域的最新贡献，这些领域的实验技术的改进已经提供了足够精确和广泛的数据，可以通过理论物理化学家的技术进行分析。它载有正式文件以及1978年10月在贝塞斯达举行的一次国际会议的讨论记录的大约60页。会议公开的目的是促进专家之间的互动，包括理论家和实验家，在一个明显的学科多样性和会议记录中包含的论文反映了这种兴趣的传播；如果他能对在会议的各个会议上讨论过的神经生物学、内分泌学、免疫学、药理学和毒理学的实验系统有详细的了解，他将确实是见多识广的。然而，质膜作为细胞的主要感觉器官的作用贯穿了整个过程，应该允许读者像忒修斯一样穿过迷宫。这本书的核心可能是由一些处理膜-配体相互作用的数学和物理模型的论文来代表，例如受体聚集及其后果（J. Schlessinger），膜流动性的计算机模型（L. Finegold），二价抗原的可逆结合（a . s. Perelson）和偶联随机命中模型（R. N. Bergman等人）。这些论文混合了基于实验的论文，这些论文处理生理功能和分子几何高度相关的系统，如肌浆网钙泵（A. E. Shamoo），“干净”的细胞激动剂相互作用系统，如胰岛素与培养细胞系（P. Demeyts），以及绝对“肮脏”的系统，如抗免疫球蛋白G抗体激活B淋巴细胞（D. G. Sieckmann等人）。这些论文一般都是独立的和权威的。这类出版物的不同寻常的完整参考文献将使读者能够随时访问任何不熟悉领域的文献，如果他愿意的话。转载的讨论，主席的玩笑，主要是相关的，突出了正式文件的优点和缺点。快速出版的限制在这本书上留下了一些痕迹。并不是所有已经拍摄好的剧本都配得上这个称号，最糟糕的剧本根本就不值得破译；这个指数就是个笑话。尽管如此，这本书的内容还是令人兴奋的，我们希望，例如，可能被书的最后一部分所吸引的免疫学家至少能找到时间去其他地方看看，这样原始会议的交叉受精可能会在整个科学界继续产生成果。
One of the manifest virtues of the Singer-Nicolson fluid-mosaic model of the cell membrane was that it provided tangible means whereby the membrane could act as a transducer of information. Signals received by membrane-spanning proteins and glycoproteins could result in significant biochemical events on the other side of the Davson-Danielli lipid-bilayer palisade. The fluid-mosaic model was, of course, erected in part to account for this known function of biological membranes and drew on evidence, both structural and functional, for transmembrane communication in its formulation. Nevertheless, its appearance was a considerable stimulus to work in the field of ligandreceptor interactions and the volume under review gathers together recent contributions in a number of areas where refinement of experimental technique has provided data sufficiently precise and extensive to permit analysis by the techniques of the theoretical physical chemist. It contains the formal papers together with some 60 pages of transcribed discussion of an international conference held at Bethesda in October 1978. The avowed aim of the conference was to catalyse interaction between specialists, both theoreticians and experimentalists, in an apparent diversity of disciplines and the Proceedings contain papers reflecting this spread of interests; he would be indeed well informed who could profess detailed acquaintance with the experimental systems from neurobiology, endocrinology, immunology, pharmacology and toxicology treated in the various sessions of the meeting. However, the role of the plasma membrane as the cell’s primary sense organ runs throughout the whole and should permit the reader to emerge Theseus-like having threaded the labyrinth. The kernel of the book is probably represented by a number of papers dealing with mathematical and physical models of membrane-ligand interaction, e.g. on receptor aggregation and its consequences (J. Schlessinger), a computer model of membrane fluidity (L. Finegold), reversible binding of bivalent antigen (A. s. Perelson) and a random-hit model by coupling (R. N. Bergman et al.). These are intermixed with experimentally based papers dealing with systems in which physiological function and molecular geometry have been highly correlated, such as the calcium pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (A. E. Shamoo), with ‘clean’ cell-agonist interacting systems, such as insulin with cultured cell lines (P. Demeyts), and with definitely ‘dirty’ systems such as the activation of B lymphocytes by antiimmunoglobulin G antibodies (D. G. Sieckmann et al.). The papers are generally self-contained and authoritative. Unusually full references for this type of publication will enable the reader ready access to the literature of any unfamiliar field, should he so wish. The reprinted discussion, jokes from the Chair and all, are in the main pertinent and highlight strengths and weaknesses in the formal papers. The constraints of rapid publication have left some marks on the book. Not all the cameraready scripts deserved that epithet and the worst is no pleasure at all to decipher; the index is a joke. Nevertheless, the contents of the book make a stimulating read, and it is to be hoped that, for example, the immunologist who may be attracted to the last section of the book will find time at least to dip in elsewhere so that the cross-fertilization of the original meeting may continue to yield fruit in the scientific community at large.