Sub‐Lithospheric Small‐Scale Convection Tomographically Imaged Beneath the Pacific Plate

Sub‐Lithospheric Small‐Scale Convection Tomographically Imaged Beneath the Pacific Plate
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太平洋板块下方岩石圈下小尺度对流层析成像

DOI:
10.1029/2022gl100351
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Russell, Joshua B.
Russell, Joshua B.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Eilon, Zachary C.;Zhang, Lun;Gaherty, James B.;Forsyth, Donald W.;Russell, Joshua B.

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海洋板块下的小尺度对流被用来解释离轴非羽状火山活动、简单海底深度年龄关系的偏离和板内重力线理。我们在1.40亿年前的太平洋海底部署了30个宽带海底地震计台站,该区域以重力异常而闻名,通过卫星测高测量,平行于板块运动而延伸。P波地震层析成像显示交替的上地幔速度异常约为± 2%,与重力线理一致。这些特征对应于300°-500 ° K的横向温度差,以及可能的含水或碳酸盐部分熔融,令人惊讶的是,在150和260 km深度之间最强,表明通过低粘度软流圈通道的快速垂直运动。使用新的多波束测深重力和地形的相干性和导纳分析证实了地幔密度变化的存在,正演模拟预测重力异常,定性匹配观察到的线理。这项研究为海洋板块下方的小尺度对流卷提供了观测支持。
Small‐scale convection beneath the oceanic plates has been invoked to explain off‐axis nonplume volcanism, departure from simple seafloor depth‐age relationships, and intraplate gravity lineations. We deployed 30 broadband ocean bottom seismometer stations on ∼40 Ma Pacific seafloor in a region notable for gravity anomalies, measured by satellite altimetry, elongated parallel to plate motion.P‐wave teleseismic tomography reveals alternating upper mantle velocity anomalies on the order of ±2%, aligned with the gravity lineations. These features, which correspond to ∼300°–500°K lateral temperature contrast, and possible hydrous or carbonatitic partial melt, are—surprisingly—strongest between 150 and 260 km depth, indicating rapid vertical motions through a low‐viscosity asthenospheric channel. Coherence and admittance analysis of gravity and topography using new multibeam bathymetry soundings substantiates the presence of mantle density variations, and forward modeling predicts gravity anomalies that qualitatively match observed lineations. This study provides observational support for small‐scale convective rolls beneath the oceanic plates.
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来自地球物理数据和实验的海洋岩石圈屈曲
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期刊:
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