Formation of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Materials Causes Parallel Brittle‐Viscous Flow of Crustal Rocks: Experiments on Quartz‐Feldspar Aggregates
Formation of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Materials Causes Parallel Brittle‐Viscous Flow of Crustal Rocks: Experiments on Quartz‐Feldspar Aggregates
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纳米晶和非晶材料的形成导致平行脆性——地壳岩石的粘性流动:石英——长石集合体的实验
DOI:
10.1029/2020jb021262
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Al Nasser, Saleh
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pec, Matej;Al Nasser, Saleh
The brittle‐viscous transition in the lithosphere occurs in a region where many large earthquakes nucleate. To study this transition, we sheared bimineralic aggregates with varying ratio of quartz and potassium feldspar. We deformed the samples in a solid‐medium deformation apparatus at temperature,T= 750°C and pressure,Pc= 800 MPa under either constant displacement rate or constant load boundary conditions. Under constant displacement rate, samples reach high shear stress (τ= 0.4–1 GPa depending on mineral ratio) and then weaken. Under constant load, the strain rate shows low sensitivity to stress belowτ≈ 400 MPa, followed by a higher stress sensitivity (stress exponent,n= 9–13) at higher stresses irrespective of mineral ratio. Strain is localized along “slip zones” in a C and C′ orientation. The material in the slip zones shows extreme grain size reduction and flow features. At peak strength, 1–2 vol% of the sample is composed of slip zones that are straight and short. With increasing strain, the slip zones become anastomosing and branching and occupy up to 9 vol%; this development is concomitant with strain‐weakening of the sample. Slip zones delimit larger cataclastic lenses, which develop a weak foliation. Our results suggest that strain localization leads to microstructural transformation of the rocks from a crystalline solid to a fluid‐like material in the slip zones. The measured rheological response is a combination of viscous flow in the slip zones and cataclastic flow in coarser‐grained lenses and can be modeled as a frictional slider coupled in parallel with a viscous dashpot.
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DOI:
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发表时间:
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期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
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