Childhood Poverty, Cumulative Risk Exposure, and Mental Health in Emerging Adults.
Childhood Poverty, Cumulative Risk Exposure, and Mental Health in Emerging Adults.
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DOI：
10.1177/2167702613501496
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cassells RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Evans GW;Cassells RC
四分之一的美国儿童出生于贫困，但人们对早期剥夺的长期心理健康影响知之甚少。从出生到9岁，贫困时间越长，新兴成年人的心理健康状况越差（n = 196，M = 17.30岁，53%为男性）。这些结果保持独立的并发，成人收入水平的自我报告的外化症状和标准的习得性无助行为协议，但内化症状不受儿童贫困。然后，我们证明了早期贫困暴露对新兴成年人心理健康有害的部分原因是因为在13岁时评估的累积风险暴露升高。幼儿期贫困和外在症状以及习得性无助行为之间的重要、前瞻性、纵向关系部分是通过暴露于青少年期心理社会（暴力、家庭动乱、儿童与家庭分离）和身体（噪音、拥挤、不合标准的住房）风险因素的汇合而介导的。
One out of four American children are born into poverty, but little is known about the long-term, mental health implications of early deprivation. The more time in poverty from birth-age-9, the worse mental health as emerging adults (n = 196, M = 17.30 years, 53% male). These results maintain independently of concurrent, adult income levels for self-reported externalizing symptoms and a standard learned helplessness behavioral protocol, but internalizing symptoms were unaffected by childhood poverty. We then demonstrate that part of the reason why early poverty exposure is harmful to mental health among emerging adults is because of elevated cumulative risk exposure assessed at age 13. The significant, prospective, longitudinal relations between early childhood poverty and externalizing symptoms plus learned helplessness behavior are mediated, in part, by exposure to a confluence of psychosocial (violence, family turmoil, child separation from family) and physical (noise, crowding, substandard housing) risk factors during adolescence.