Prevalence and predictors of alcohol and drug use among secondary school students in Botswana: a cross-sectional study
Prevalence and predictors of alcohol and drug use among secondary school students in Botswana: a cross-sectional study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12889-018-6263-2
复制
发表时间：
2018-12-20
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Lowenthal, Elizabeth D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riva, Katherine;Allen-Taylor, Lynne;Lowenthal, Elizabeth D.
背景酒精和非法药物的使用已被公认为是博茨瓦纳青少年中日益严重的问题。人们对影响博茨瓦纳中学生酗酒和吸毒的因素知之甚少。为了帮助设计和实施有效的公共卫生干预措施，我们试图确定在博茨瓦纳的城市和城郊地区的中学生的酒精和药物使用的患病率，并评估物质使用的风险和保护因素。MethodsWe进行了72项横断面调查的学生在17所公立中学哈博罗内，洛巴策，Molepolole和Mochudi，博茨瓦纳。世界卫生组织（WHO）酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）被用来定义危险的饮酒行为。使用Jessor的问题行为理论（PBT）作为我们的概念框架，我们从先前验证的工具中选择文化适应性项目来衡量酒精和药物使用的风险和保护因素。采用单变量二项和多项有序logit分析比较危险因素和保护因素的组间差异。根据人口统计学、高风险和低保护计算了酒精和药物使用的相对风险。多变量有序多项累积logit分析，多变量名义多项logit分析，和二项logit分析被用来建立模型，说明风险和保护因素与学生酒精和非法药物使用之间的关系。在所有分析中使用广义估计方程（GEE）methods.ResultsOf 1936名学生调查，816（42.1%）报告酒精使用，434（22.4%）符合标准的危险酒精使用。324名学生（16.7%）报告使用非法药物，其中大麻是最常用的药物。与酒精和药物使用更密切相关的风险因素是报告的酒精可用性，个人和社会脆弱性因素，以及不良的同伴建模。个人和社会控制保护似乎可以减轻学生酒精和药物use.ConclusionsAlcohol和非法药物的使用是普遍存在的中学生在博茨瓦纳的风险。我们的数据表明，干预措施，减少酒精和毒品的可用性，并建立更大的支持网络，为青少年可能是最有帮助的减少酒精和毒品使用的中学生在博茨瓦纳。
BackgroundAlcohol and illicit drug use has been recognized as a growing problem among adolescents in Botswana. Little is known about factors affecting alcohol and drug use among Botswana's secondary school students. To aid the design and implementation of effective public health interventions, we sought to determine the prevalence of alcohol and drug use in secondary school students in urban and peri-urban areas of Botswana, and to evaluate risk and protective factors for substance use.MethodsWe performed a 72-item cross-sectional survey of students in 17 public secondary schools in Gaborone, Lobatse, Molepolole and Mochudi, Botswana. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to define hazardous drinking behavior. Using Jessor's Problem Behavior Theory (PBT) as our conceptual framework, we culturally-adapted items from previously validated tools to measure risk and protective factors for alcohol and drug use. Between-group differences of risk and protective factors were compared using univariate binomial and multinomial-ordinal logit analysis. Relative risks of alcohol and drug use by demographic, high risks and low protections were calculated. Multivariate ordinal-multinomial cumulative logit analysis, multivariate nominal-multinomial logit analysis, and binominal logit analysis were used to build models illustrating the relationship between risk and protective factors and student alcohol and illicit drug use. Clustered data was adjusted for in all analyses using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) methods.ResultsOf the 1936 students surveyed, 816 (42.1%) reported alcohol use, and 434 (22.4%) met criteria for hazardous alcohol use. Illicit drug use was reported by 324 students (16.7%), with motokwane (marijuana) being the most commonly used drug. Risk factors more strongly associated with alcohol and drug use were reported alcohol availability, individual and social vulnerability factors, and poor peer modeling. Individual and social controls protections appear to mitigate risk of student alcohol and drug use.ConclusionsAlcohol and illicit drug use is prevalent among secondary school students in Botswana. Our data suggest that interventions that reduce the availability of alcohol and drugs and that build greater support networks for adolescents may be most helpful in decreasing alcohol and drug use among secondary school students in Botswana.