Traffic-related air pollution modeling during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games: The effects of an odd-even day traffic restriction scheme
Traffic-related air pollution modeling during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games: The effects of an odd-even day traffic restriction scheme
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.025
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发表时间：
2011-04-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Xie, Shaodong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Hao;Xie, Shaodong
利用集成的城市空气质量模拟系统，研究了2008年奥运会前后北京市实施短期单双日交通限行措施对交通相关空气污染的影响。利用在线交通监测系统获取的交通流数据，预测了UAB周围主要道路二环、三环、四环和连接路的CO、PM10、NO2和O-3浓度水平。（7月10日至19日），在-（7月20日至9月20日）和后TRS（9月21日至30日）期间。广泛使用的模型评估的统计框架，模型性能的依赖性的一天中的时间和风向进行了研究，模型预测结果相当令人满意。结果表明，在TRS期间，CO、PM_（10）、NO_2、NO_2、NO_3、NO_2、NO_3、NO_4、NO_3、NO_4日平均浓度分别下降了35.8%、38.5%、34.9%和35.6%，38.7%、31.8%、44.0%和34.7%; O-3分别为36.7%、33.0%、33.4%和34.7%。小时平均浓度也显著降低，特别是CO和PM10的早晚高峰，NO2的晚高峰和O-3的下午高峰。因此，奥运会期间CO、PM10、NO2和O-3的日和小时浓度水平均符合中国国家环境空气质量标准二级标准。此外，北京市不同区域的浓度水平均明显下降，其中下风向北方和西部地区的交通相关空气污染缓解最为明显。因此，TRS政策有效缓解了奥运会期间与交通相关的空气污染，改善了北京的短期空气质量。(C)2011 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
An integrated urban air quality modeling system was applied to assess the effects of a short-term odd-even day traffic restriction scheme (TRS) on traffic-related air pollution in the urban area of Beijing (UAB) before, during and after the 2008 Olympic Games. Using traffic flow data retrieved from an on-line traffic monitoring system, concentration levels of CO, PM10, NO2 and O-3 on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th Ring Roads (RR) and Linkage Roads (LRs), the main roads distributed around the UAB, were predicted for the pre- (10th-19th, July), during- (20th July-20th September) and post-TRS (21st-30th, September) periods. A widely used statistical framework for model evaluation was adopted, the dependences of model performance on time-of-the-day and on wind direction were investigated, and the model predictions turned out reasonably satisfactory. Results showed that daily average concentrations on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th RR and LRs decreased significantly during the TRS period, by about 35.8, 38.5, 34.9 and 35.6% for CO, about 38.7, 31.8, 44.0 and 34.7% for PM10, about 30.3, 31.9, 32.3 and 33.9% for NO2, and about 36.7, 33.0, 33.4 and 34.7% for O-3, respectively, compared with the pre-TRS period. Hourly average concentrations were also reduced significantly, particularly for the morning and evening peaks for CO and PM10, for the evening peak for NO2, and for the afternoon peak for O-3. Consequently, both the daily and hourly concentration level of CO, PM10, NO2 and O-3 conformed to the China National Ambient Air Quality Standards Grade II during the Games. In addition, notable reduction of concentration levels was achieved in different regions of Beijing, with the traffic-related air pollution in the downwind northern and western areas relieved most significantly. The TRS policy was therefore effective in alleviating traffic-related air pollution and improving short-term air quality in Beijing during the Games. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.