Role of spectral detail in sound-source localization
Role of spectral detail in sound-source localization
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/25526
复制
发表时间：
1998-12-31
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Colburn, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kulkarni, A;Colburn, HS
通过耳机听到的声音通常在头部（1）内被感知（内化），而不像真实的声源在头部外被感知（外化）。如果使用耳机精确地再现来自真实的声源的声学波形，则听觉图像被适当地外部化和局部化（1-4）。（相对升压，分量频率的衰减和延迟）通过头部和外耳对声音的识别，通过耳朵之间的频谱差异以及整体频谱形状提供了关于声源位置的信息。这种位置相关的滤波是明确描述的头部相关的传递函数（HRTF）从声源到耳道。在这里，我们提出的声音受试者通过开放运河管电话和调查如何准确的HRTF必须复制，以实现真正的三维感知的听觉信号在消声空间。听众试图区分从扬声器中呈现的“真实的”声音和通过电子管电话呈现的“虚拟”声音。我们的研究结果表明，HRTF可以平滑显着的频率，而不影响感知的声音的位置。听众无法区分真实的从虚拟源，直到HRTF已经失去了其详细的频率变化的大部分，在这个时候，图像的感知海拔是报告的线索。
Sounds heard over headphones are typically perceived inside the head(1) (internalized), unlike real sound sources which are perceived outside the head (externalized). If the acoustical waveforms from a real sound source are reproduced precisely using headphones, auditory images are appropriately externalized and localized(1-4) The filtering (relative boosting, attenuation and delaying of component frequencies) of a sound by the head and outer ear provides information about the location of a sound source by means of the differences in the frequency spectra between the ears as well as the overall spectral shape. This location-dependent filtering is explicitly described by the head-related transfer function (HRTF) from sound source to ear canal. Here we present sounds to subjects through open-canal tube-phones and investigate how accurately the HRTFs must be reproduced to achieve true three-dimensional perception of auditory signals in anechoic space. Listeners attempted to discriminate between 'real' sounds presented from a loudspeaker and 'virtual' sounds presented over tube-phones. Our results show that the HRTFs can be smoothed significantly in frequency without affecting the perceived location of a sound. Listeners cannot distinguish real from virtual sources until the HRTF has lost most of its detailed variation in frequency, at which time the perceived elevation of the image is the reported cue.