Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain
Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain
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DOI：
10.5194/wes-6-427-2021
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发表时间：
2021-03-18
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Juretzki, Bjoern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ingenhorst, Christian;Jacobs, Georg;Juretzki, Bjoern
复杂地形中的风电场场地易受局部风现象的影响，这对风力涡轮机的年发电量具有相关影响。因此，为了降低投资风险，必须进行广泛的现场评估。固定的长期测量由计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟补充，这是分析和理解复杂地形上方三维风流的常用工具。虽然在深入的研究，这样的模拟仍然表现出高灵敏度的各种输入参数，如地形，大气和数值设置。在本文中，一种不同的方法，旨在测量，而不是模拟风速偏差以上复杂的地形，使用灵活的，机载测量系统。无人驾驶飞行器配备了标准的超声波风速计。系统的不确定性进行了评估，在不同高度的固定风速计数据，并显示出非常好的协议，特别是在平均风速（< 0.12 m s（-1））和平均方向（< 2.4度）的估计。在森林和丘陵地区进行了一次试验测量，以分析风场的时空变化。与固定风速计相比，检测到风速增加高达30%的位置依赖性差异。
Wind farm sites in complex terrain are subject to local wind phenomena, which have a relevant impact on a wind turbine's annual energy production. To reduce investment risk, an extensive site evaluation is therefore mandatory. Stationary long-term measurements are supplemented by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which are a commonly used tool to analyse and understand the three-dimensional wind flow above complex terrain. Though under intensive research, such simulations still show a high sensitivity to various input parameters like terrain, atmosphere and numerical setup. In this paper, a different approach aims to measure instead of simulate wind speed deviations above complex terrain by using a flexible, airborne measurement system. An unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a standard ultrasonic anemometer. The uncertainty in the system is evaluated against stationary anemometer data at different heights and shows very good agreement, especially in mean wind speed (< 0.12 m s(-1)) and mean direction (< 2.4 degrees) estimation. A test measurement was conducted above a forested and hilly site to analyse the spatial and temporal variability in the wind situation. A position-dependent difference in wind speed increase of up to 30 % compared to a stationary anemometer is detected.