microRNAs and Prostate Cancer.
microRNAs and Prostate Cancer.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-23730-5_7
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gururajan M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Josson S;Chung LW;Gururajan M
microRNA 是非编码 RNA，对胚胎干细胞发育和上皮间质转化 (EMT) 非常重要。肿瘤细胞劫持 EMT 和干细胞生长并转移到包括骨骼在内的远处器官。在肿瘤微环境中，肿瘤细胞与原发部位和转移部位的基质成纤维细胞相互作用，这种相互作用导致肿瘤生长、EMT和骨转移。肿瘤-基质相互作用是一个动态过程，涉及细胞间通讯以及细胞外囊泡和可溶性因子。越来越多的证据表明 microRNA 是构成细胞外囊泡的有效负载的一部分。 microRNA 诱导反应性基质，从而将正常基质转化为肿瘤相关基质，从而在体外和体内促进侵袭性致瘤性。已发表的具有里程碑意义的研究表明，DLK1-DIO3 干细胞簇的特定 microRNA 的表达与转移性前列腺癌患者的生存相关。因此，microRNA通过细胞内在机制和细胞外通讯介导肿瘤生长、EMT和转移，并可能成为骨转移性前列腺癌的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点。
microRNAs are noncoding RNAs that are important for embryonic stem cell development and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tumor cells hijack EMT and stemness to grow and metastasize to distant organs including bone. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor cells interact with the stromal fibroblasts at the primary and metastatic sites and this interaction leads to tumor growth, EMT, and bone metastasis. Tumor-stromal interactions are a dynamic process that involves both cell–cell communications and extracellular vesicles and soluble factors. Growing body of evidence suggests that microRNAs are part of the payload that comprises the extracellular vesicles. microRNAs induce reactive stroma and thus convert normal stroma into tumor-associated stroma to promote aggressive tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Landmark published studies demonstrate that expression of specific microRNAs of DLK1-DIO3 stem cell cluster correlates with patient survival in metastatic prostate cancer. Thus, microRNAs mediate tumor growth, EMT, and metastasis through cell intrinsic mechanisms and extracellular communications and could be novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in bone metastatic prostate cancer.