The global abundance of tree palms
The global abundance of tree palms
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13123
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Balslev, Henrik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muscarella, Robert;Emilio, Thaise;Balslev, Henrik
棕榈是热带生态系统的标志性、多样化和丰富的组成部分，提供许多生态系统服务。作为单子叶植物，棕榈树在进化、形态和生理上都与其他树木不同，这些差异对生态系统服务（例如碳固存和储存）和对气候变化的响应具有重要影响。我们量化了棕榈树相对丰度的全球格局，以帮助提高对热带森林的理解，并减少气候变化下这些生态系统的不确定性。地理位置热带和亚热带湿润森林。时间段当前。研究了棕榈(槟榔科)的主要分类群。方法：我们收集了一个包含2548个森林样地（覆盖1191公顷）的泛热带数据集，并量化了棕榈树（即>= 10 cm胸高直径）相对于共存的非棕榈树的丰度。我们比较了不同生物地理领域棕榈树的相对丰度，并测试了它们与古气候稳定性、当前气候、地理条件和森林结构指标的关系。结果新热带地区棕榈树的相对丰度是其他生物地理领域的5倍以上。在新热带地区以外的大多数地区没有棕榈树，但在80%的新热带地区有棕榈树。棕榈树的相对丰度与当地条件（例如，较高的年平均降水量、较低的土壤肥力、较浅的地下水位和较低的地块平均木材密度）的关系比长期气候稳定性的指标更强。生命形式的多样性也影响了格局;新热带以外的棕榈组合包括许多非树（如攀缘）棕榈。最后，我们表明棕榈树可以影响地上生物量的估计，但影响的大小和方向需要额外的工作。棕榈树不仅是典型的热带植物，而且绝大多数是新热带植物。未来了解棕榈树对生物量估算和碳循环的贡献的工作将在新热带森林中尤为重要。
Aim Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period Current. Major taxa studied Palms (Arecaceae). Methods We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., >= 10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co-occurring non-palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long-term climate stability. Life-form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non-tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above-ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests.