THE POLITICS OF TEK: POWER AND THE "INTEGRATION" OF KNOWLEDGE
THE POLITICS OF TEK: POWER AND THE "INTEGRATION" OF KNOWLEDGE
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作者：
Paul Nadasdy
本文对传统知识与科学“结合”的项目进行了批判性的审视。过去15年来，融合项目一直是并继续是使北方土著人民参与资源管理和环境影响评估进程的基石。然而，整合的理念包含着一个隐含的假设，即被称为“传统知识”的文化信仰和实践符合西方关于“知识”的概念。它认为土著居民和国家之间的现有权力关系是理所当然的，因为它假设传统知识只是一种新形式的“数据”，可以纳入现有的管理官僚机构，并由科学家和资源管理者采取行动。因此，土著人民被迫以符合国家管理机构和做法的方式表达自己的意见，而不是以符合他们自己的信仰、价值观和做法的方式表达自己的意见。而且，由于使用这种新的“综合”知识的是科学家和资源管理员，而不是原住民猎人和捕猎者，因此综合项目实际上是将权力集中在行政中心，而不是原住民手中。
This paper takes a critical look at the project of "integrating" traditional knowledge and science. The project of integration has been and continues to be the cornerstone of efforts to involve northern aboriginal peoples in processes of resource management and environmental impact assessment over the past 15 years. The idea of integration, however, contains the implicit assumption that the cultural beliefs and practices referred to as "traditional knowledge" con- form to western conceptions about "knowledge." It takes for granted existing power relations be- tween aboriginal people and the state by assuming that traditional knowledge is simply a new form of "data" to be incorporated into existing management bureaucracies and acted upon by scientists and resource managers. As a result, aboriginal people have been forced to express themselves in ways that conform to the institutions and practices of state management rather than to their own beliefs, values, and practices. And, since it is scientists and resource man- agers, rather than aboriginal hunters and trappers, who will be using this new "integrated" knowledge, the project of integration actually serves to concentrate power in administrative centers, rather than in the hands of aboriginal people.