Deaths rise in good economic times: Evidence from the OECD
Deaths rise in good economic times: Evidence from the OECD
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ehb.2006.04.001
复制
发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ruhm, Christopher J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerdtham, Ulf-G.;Ruhm, Christopher J.
这项研究使用了1960-1997年期间23个经济合作与发展组织（经合组织）国家的汇总数据，以审查宏观经济状况与死亡之间的关系。主要发现是，当劳动力市场增强时，总死亡率和几种常见原因的死亡率会上升。例如，控制年度效应、地点固定效应（FE）、特定国家的时间趋势和人口特征，全国失业率下降1%与总死亡率增长0.4%以及特定原因死亡率的以下增长相关：心血管疾病死亡率为0.4%，流感/肺炎死亡率为1.1%，肝病死亡率为1.8%，机动车死亡率为2.1%，其他事故死亡率为0.8%。这些影响在社会保险制度薄弱的国家尤其明显，这可以从公共社会支出占国内生产总值的比例来反映。这些发现与最近其他研究提供的证据一致，并对经济衰退对身体健康产生负面影响的假设提出了质疑。(c)2006 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
This study uses aggregate data for 23 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries over the 1960-1997 period to examine the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and deaths. The main finding is that total mortality and deaths from several common causes rise when labor markets strengthen. For instance, controlling for year effects, location fixed-effects (FE), country-specific time trends and demographic characteristics, a 1% point decrease in the national unemployment rate is associated with growth of 0.4% in total mortality and the following increases in cause-specific mortality: 0.4% for cardiovascular disease, 1.1% for influenza/pneumonia, 1.8% for liver disease, 2.1% for motor vehicle deaths, and 0.8% for other accidents. These effects are particularly pronounced for countries with weak social insurance systems, as proxied by public social expenditure as a share of GDP. The findings are consistent with evidence provided by other recent research and cast doubt on the hypothesis that economic downturns have negative effects on physical health. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.