Transfer RNA-derived small RNA: A rising star in oncology
Transfer RNA-derived small RNA: A rising star in oncology
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转移 RNA 衍生的小 RNA：肿瘤学领域的后起之秀
DOI：
10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.024
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发表时间：
2021-11-22
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Peng, Yong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Jiao;Zhu, Lei;Peng, Yong
转运RNA（transfer RNA，tRNA）通过将氨基酸转运到核糖体参与蛋白质合成。然而，最近的研究表明，tRNA可以通过内切核糖核酸酶切割产生一种异质性的小RNA，称为tRNA衍生的小RNA（tsRNA）。越来越多的证据表明，tsRNA在许多生物学过程中发挥重要作用，其失调与包括癌症在内的疾病的进展有关。异常表达的tsRNA通过不同的机制，如转录调控和RNA干扰，促进肿瘤的发生和发展。本文就tsRNA的分类、生物起源和生物学功能等方面的研究进展作一综述。此外，我们强调了tsRNA在癌症中的失调和关键作用，并讨论了它们作为诊断和预后生物标志物或治疗靶点的潜力。
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) participate in protein synthesis through delivering amino acids to the ribosome. Nevertheless, recent studies revealed that tRNAs can undergo cleavage by endoribonucleases to generate a heterogeneous class of small RNAs, designated as tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs). Accumulating evidence demonstrates that tsRNAs play an important role in many biological processes, and their dysregulation is associated with the progression of diseases including cancer. Abnormally expressed tsRNAs contribute to tumor initiation and development through distinct mechanisms, such as transcriptional regulation and RNA interference. In this review, we briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding classification, biogenesis and biological function of tsRNAs. Moreover, we highlight the dysregulation and critical roles of tsRNAs in cancer and discuss their potentials as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets.