Reconstruction of an in vitro niche for the transition from intervertebral disc development to nucleus pulposus regeneration.
Reconstruction of an in vitro niche for the transition from intervertebral disc development to nucleus pulposus regeneration.
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DOI：
10.1089/scd.2012.0597
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
M. Shoukry;Jingting Li;M. Pei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Shoukry;Jingting Li;M. Pei
髓核(NP)在椎间盘退变的发生和发展中起着重要作用。虽然自体修复策略已经证明了一些成功，但他们的体外培养系统已经过时，不足以维持最佳功能的细胞通过所需的广泛传代。因此，最终的细胞群可能不适合体内修复组织的压倒性任务，并可能导致低于平均水平的临床结果。最近的研究已经确定滑膜来源的干细胞(SDSCs)是一种潜在的重要的新候选细胞。这种前体细胞群可以促进基质再生，另外还可以恢复周围细胞的分解代谢和合成代谢的平衡。另一个有前景的应用是它们在体外产生细胞外基质的能力，可以通过脱细胞修饰产生组织特异性底物，用于有效的细胞扩张，同时保持软骨形成的潜力。当与低氧、可溶性因子和其他环境调节因子相结合时，所产生的复杂微环境将更接近体内的生态位，这进一步提高了细胞的能力，即使在广泛传代后也是如此。在这篇综述中，NP细胞在体内利用的适应机制被认为是为了深入了解在体外构建组织特异性生态位的重要因素。还讨论了SDSCs用于NP再生的证据。NP行为的许多方面仍不清楚，这可能导致未来的工作产生关键信息，产生足够数量的高质量NP特异性种群，能够在体内再生恶化的NP。
The nucleus pulposus (NP) plays a prominent role in both the onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. While autologous repair strategies have demonstrated some success, their in vitro culture system is outdated and insufficient for maintaining optimally functioning cells through the required extensive passaging. Consequently, the final population of cells may be unsuitable for the overwhelming task of repairing tissue in vivo and could result in subpar clinical outcomes. Recent work has identified synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) as a potentially important new candidate. This population of precursors can promote matrix regeneration and additionally restore the balance of catabolic and anabolic metabolism of surrounding cells. Another promising application is their ability to produce an extracellular matrix in vitro that can be modified via decellularization to produce a tissue-specific substrate for efficient cell expansion, while retaining chondrogenic potential. When combined with hypoxia, soluble factors, and other environmental regulators, the resultant complex microenvironment will more closely resemble the in vivo niche, which further improves the cell capacity, even after extensive passaging. In this review, the adaptive mechanisms NP cells utilize in vivo are considered for insight into what factors are important for constructing a tissue-specific in vitro niche. Evidence for the use of SDSCs for NP regeneration is also discussed. Many aspects of NP behavior are still unknown, which could lead to future work yielding key information on producing sufficient numbers of a high-quality NP-specific population that is able to regenerate deteriorated NP in vivo.