LEUKOTRIENES ARE POTENT CONSTRICTORS OF HUMAN BRONCHI
LEUKOTRIENES ARE POTENT CONSTRICTORS OF HUMAN BRONCHI
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DOI：
10.1038/288484a0
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
SAMUELSSON, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAHLEN, SE;HEDQVIST, P;SAMUELSSON, B
过敏性慢反应物质（SRS-A）是由各种刺激（包括免疫激发）释放的，长期以来被认为是速发型超敏反应（如过敏性哮喘中的支气管收缩）的重要介质。最近，从几种组织中鉴定出慢反应物质，并将其表征为新发现的物质组白三烯的成员。白三烯是由花生四烯酸和其他多不饱和脂肪酸在最初涉及脂氧合酶催化的C-5氧合的途径中产生的。这不同于花生四烯酸和血栓烷的合成，花生四烯酸的初始转化是由环加氧酶催化的。发现白三烯C4（LTC 4：5（S）-羟基，6（R）-S-谷胱甘肽-7，9-反式，11，14-顺式-二十碳四烯酸）和D4（LTD 4：5（S）-羟基，6（R）-S-半胱氨酰-甘氨酰-7，9-反式，11，14-顺式-二十碳四烯酸）在几种生物测定系统中具有生物学效应，这与先前报道的SRS-A不纯提取物的生物学效应惊人相似。在LTC 4和LTD 4对离体人支气管的收缩活性中进行了描述，这进一步强调了白三烯是人支气管收缩的有效介质的可能性。
Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) is released by various stimuli, including immunological challenge, and has long been considered an important mediator of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, such as bronchoconstriction in allergic asthma. Recently, slow reacting substances from several tissues were identified with characterized as members of a newly discovered group of substances, the leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are generated from arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids in a pathway initially involving a lipoxygenase-catalyzed oxygenation at C-5. This differs from the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes, where the initial transformation of arachidonic acid is catalyzed by a cyclo oxygenase. Leukotriene C4(LTC4:5(S)-hydroxy,6(R)-S-glutathionyl-7,9-trans,11,14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid) and D4(LTD4:5(S)-hydroxy,6(R)-S-cysteinyl-glycyl-7,9-trans,11,14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid) were found to have biological effects in several bioassay systems, which are strikingly similar to those previously reported for impure extracts of SRS-A. In contractile activity of both LTC4 and LTD4 on isolated human bronchi is described, which further emphasizes the possibility that leukotrienes are potent mediators of bronchoconstriction in man.